Rule Book
OLD TIME STRONGMAN ORGANIZATION: OFFICIAL RULE BOOK
1st Edition, Version 2.0 | August 11, 2026
The Vision
For too long, the true grit and raw power of Old Time Strongman has been just a whisper of history. That ends now. We believe in strength that is tested, proven, and purposeful.
Our Mission: We build champions. It’s our mission to use the art of old time strongman to empower a new generation with raw strength and purpose.
Our Vision: To create a world where everyone knows their power and uses it as a force for good.
The Genesis of OTSO
Why did Kyle Frappier, Chris Frappier and Clint Poore create the Old Time Strongman Organization?
We founded OTSO not just to host competitions, but to resurrect a forgotten era of strength, skill, and spectacle. The three of us saw a need for a platform that honors the traditional lifts while providing a structured, fair, and exciting environment for today’s strongmen and strongwomen. This rulebook is the culmination of that passion—our blueprint for the future of old-time strength sports. But here’s the real lift: OTSO is also about the FUN! Every member is a champion, and we’re here to celebrate your power, your journey, and every single PR, no matter the weight! Welcome to the loudest, proudest strength community on the planet!
Preface: The Foundation of Strength
The rulebook is the definitive guide to all of OTSO’s lifts, compiled to ensure clear standards for every athlete and official. It’s built on a rock-solid foundation that the OTSO Leadership Team developed over 30 years of elite-level strength competitions, officiating events, and running National and International championships. The OTSO Leadership Team has decades of combined wisdom, collective energy, and vision for Old Time Strongman lifting. Together, we have forged a rulebook that is as robust and powerful as the athletes who will lift and test its mettle.
Note: Applicability of these rules is strictly limited to individuals who meet OTSO’s membership eligibility requirements, which explicitly exclude residents of the Province of Quebec.
Editors and Publisher
The OTSO Leadership Team: Kyle Frappier, Chris Frappier, and Clint Poore.
Acknowledgments
We extend our sincere gratitude to everyone who contributed to the development and refinement of these rules.
A special acknowledgement must be given to Chris Frappier for his extensive efforts, dedication, and tireless work in preparing, compiling, and writing this comprehensive rulebook.
We also recognize and appreciate the instrumental support of our digital collaborators, Google Gemini AI and OpenAI ChatGPT, whose insights and organizational speed were invaluable in bringing this definitive guide to life.
Table of Contents
I. GENERAL COMPETITION RULES AND LIFTER CLASSIFICATIONS
This section defines the basic requirements for eligibility, participation, and the formal determination of a lifter’s age and weight class for all OTSO sanctioned events.
I.A. Eligibility and Registration
- Gender: OTSO competitions are organized and sanctioned for all lifters, of both male and female gender as assigned at birth.
- Membership Requirement and Term: All participants in an OTSO sanctioned event must be registered members of the Old Time Strongman Organization. Membership is defined as annual, with the term of validity running from January 1 through December 31 of the calendar year, irrespective of the date of purchase.
- Policy Agreement: By signing the official OTSO Membership Application and signing the OTSO Member Form, Release of Liability, Waiver of Claims, Assumption of Risks and Indemnity Agreement, the member acknowledges and agrees to abide by all organizational policies, including the OTSO Code of Conduct Policy and OTSO Drug Policy.
I.B. Age and Weight Class Determination
- Age Determination: A lifter’s competition age is their actual age on the date of the event. All ages are eligible to compete in an OTSO event.
- Multi-Day Exception: For competitions spanning multiple days, the lifter’s age will be fixed as their age on the first day of the event.
- Minor Consent: Lifters under 18 years of age (Minors) must have a parent or guardian sign the membership form, indemnity agreement, and all applicable OTSO policies to obtain and maintain membership.
- Single Weight Class: During any competition, a lifter may compete in only one weight class.
- Weight Class Determination: The lifter’s weight class is determined by their official body weight recorded at the weigh-in on the first day of the competition.
I.C. Competition Format, Records, and Remote Officiating
- Competition Formats and Meet Director Discretion: OTSO sanctions events that allow for both live onsite participation and remote (hybrid) participation. However, the decision to permit remote (hybrid) participation is determined solely by the OTSO Meet Director organizing the event competition. The Meet Director may choose not to permit remote registration and competition due to factors such as regional or country-specific legal liability, the unavailability of accident event insurance, or the impractical (cost-prohibitive) nature of insuring remote participation.
- Record and Ranking Rules: The same rules apply for setting or breaking records remotely as they do onsite, and all successful lifts are eligible for competition ranking, provided the appropriate officiating requirements are met (see below).
- Requirements for OTSO National Records (ONR) and Competition Ranking: To be officially ranked in an event or to set or break an OTSO National Record (ONR) when competing remotely, the lifter must have at least one (1) certified OTSO official present to verify the lift results. This official must ensure all lifting protocols for the event have occurred (e.g., official weigh-in, attempts with proper time between attempts, equipment checks, etc.).
- Requirements for OTSO World Records (OWR): To set or break an official OTSO World Record (OWR) when competing remotely, the lifter must have a minimum of three (3) certified OTSO officials present for the lifts. These three officials must follow all the same officiating protocols and collectively verify the remote lifter has completed their weigh-in, followed all lifting rules, and complied with all event regulations.
- Single Location Referee Exemption (Remote Lifting for a Referee)
- Policy and Purpose: In an area where only one current OTSO certified referee exists, to encourage participation and growth in that region, OTSO will allow that single location referee to participate in a sanctioned meet and submit their lifting results by video.
- Officiating Requirements: The submitted video must be clear and complete and will be officially reviewed by the OTSO Leadership Team to verify all lift requirements and results.
- Applicability and Expiration: This exemption applies strictly to meets and locations where only a single OTSO certified referee is present. Once multiple OTSO referees are certified and present at a meet, this exemption automatically expires and no longer applies to the sole referee.
- Dress Code Compliance: Video submissions must strictly adhere to the OTSO Gear & Dress Code outlined in Section III. The OTSO Leadership Team reserves the right to invalidate any remote lift where the athlete’s attire is deemed non-compliant or inappropriate.
I.D. Body Weight Classes (Kilograms)
Lifters will be placed into the following categories based on their official weigh-in:
| Class | Weight Range (kg) |
| Under 50 | Up to and including 50.0 kg |
| 60 | Over 50.0 kg up to and including 60.0 kg |
| 70 | Over 60.0 kg up to and including 70.0 kg |
| 80 | Over 70.0 kg up to and including 80.0 kg |
| 90 | Over 80.0 kg up to and including 90.0 kg |
| 100 | Over 90.0 kg up to and including 100.0 kg |
| 110 | Over 100.0 kg up to and including 110.0 kg |
| 120 | Over 110.0 kg up to and including 120.0 kg |
| 130 | Over 120.0 kg up to and including 130.0 kg |
| 140 | Over 130.0 kg up to and including 140.0 kg |
| 140+ | Over 140.0 kg (Unlimited) |
I.E. Age Groups & Divisions
| Division | Age Groups (Years) |
| Juniors Division | 12-13, 14-15, 16-17, 18-19 |
| Senior A | 20-29 |
| Senior B | 30-39 |
| Masters Division | 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, 80-89, 90 and above |
| Open Division | All age classes |
I.F. Unit of Measure & Scoring Records
- Mandatory Kilograms: For all official scoring, the lifter’s body weight and all lifted weights must be calculated using kilograms (kg). This is a strict requirement for the accurate application of the DOTS Formula.
- Dual Unit Tracking: The official OTSO score sheet will provide separate columns to show both the Kilogram (kg) and the Pound (lb) equivalents for both the lifter’s official body weight and the weight successfully lifted.
- Calculation Priority: In the event of a conflict or discrepancy between the two units, the kilogram (kg) value will be the single definitive figure used for all final DOTS Score calculations and record certifications.
I.G. Adaptive Division (Accommodations)
MAIN POINT: The inclusion of an Adaptive Division in a sanctioned event is entirely at the discretion of the Meet Director. A Meet Director may choose to offer an Adaptive Division to accommodate lifters with permanent physical handicaps or disabilities.
- Adaptive Division: Meet Directors may choose to offer an Adaptive Division to accommodate lifters with permanent physical handicaps or disabilities.
- Eligibility: Eligibility for the Adaptive Division is determined on a case-by-case basis by the Meet Director and must be approved by an OTSO official prior to the competition.
- Rule Modifications: The Meet Director may modify the rules of individual lifts to accommodate a specific physical handicap; however, for a lift to be eligible for an Official OTSO Record, the lift must be performed according to the standard rules outlined in the lifts section.
- Records and Scoring: Official records will be kept for the Adaptive Division. Lifters in this division will still be scored using the DOTS Formula based on their performance in the lift and body weight to determine overall “pound-for-pound” placement.
I.H. Video Submission Requirements for Remote Competitors
When you compete remotely, you must follow all standard Old Time Strongman Organization rules listed on our website.
- Recording Your Lift: Make sure your entire body and the equipment are in the video frame at all times. Do not wear baggy clothing that hides your knees or elbows, as judges need to see your joints lock out.
- Show the Weight: In the same continuous video, walk the camera up to the bar before or right after your lift. Show the weight plates clearly so the officials can verify the loaded weight.
- Commands: Because you are lifting remotely, you do not need to call out the official commands (like “Down”) for yourself. However, you MUST hold the final lockout position clearly for at least 2 seconds so the officials can see you have full control of the weight before you put it down. If an OTSO official is present during your lifts, please make sure the official can be clearly heard calling the commands for each lift on the video.
- Weigh-In Proof: You must provide a clear photo or video of your weigh-in. Show yourself on the scale and clearly capture the final weight on the display.
- How to Submit Your Video: Video files are usually too big to attach directly to an email. Please use one of these two methods to submit your lifts:
- Text Message: If you have our direct number, text the video to us. If you don’t, click “Contact Us” at the bottom of our website. Fill out the form and include the phone number you registered with, and we will text you the right number to use.
- Video Link: Upload your video to YouTube, Google Drive, or another platform, and email the shareable link to info@oldtimestrongman.org with the subject line: Remote Video Submission.
- Judging: Only decisions made by certified OTSO officials count. The opinions of lifting partners or friends are not accepted. The OTSO official’s decision on a lift is final.
- Who Can Submit Videos & Setting Records: Having remote lifts done in the presence of a certified OTSO official ensures the integrity of our record-keeping process. Because of this, only the following people may submit remote lifting results:
- You must be a certified OTSO official lifting by yourself, OR
- You must be lifting in the physical presence of a certified OTSO official.
- National Records require 1 certified OTSO official to judge the lift.
- World Records require 3 certified OTSO officials to judge the lift. If a certified official is present with your group, multiple lifters may submit attempts, and the OTSO Leadership team will officiate the videos to provide the extra votes you need.
II. RECOGNITION, AWARDS, AND RECORDS
Lifters aged 20 to 39 on the day of competition are divided into two categories: Senior A (20-29) and Senior B (30-39). OTSO established this split to promote fair competition and provide distinct recognition and record opportunities during these prime athletic years. This separation acknowledges potential differences in athletic development and experience across this twenty-year span, providing more chances for lifters to achieve top placements, awards, and set age-specific records.
II.A. Recognition and Awards
OTSO will recognize the top 3 best lifters in Senior A, Senior B, Masters, and Juniors divisions in the posted results on the OTSO website for each sanctioned competition. Awards presented to top lifters are based on the number of entries and are at the Meet Director’s discretion. Since awards involve cost, the Meet Director will determine which specific awards will be presented for their competition.
OTSO Record Database (World and National Records) OTSO will maintain an official, public Record Database on its website for all records set or broken across sanctioned competitions. This database will track two distinct record categories: OTSO World Records (OWR) and OTSO National Records (ONR).
The following comprehensive criteria will be recorded for every official record:
- Name of Lift
- Name of Lifter
- Gender (M / F)
- Country
- RAW or EQUIPPED division
- Age Division (includes OPEN; Open records represent the absolute heaviest lift in a weight class, irrespective of the lifter’s age)
- Weight Class KG
- Weight Lifted (recorded in kilograms, with an accompanying column for the pounds conversion).
- Name of the OTSO Event where the record was achieved.
- Event Date: Date of the lift.
- Onsite or Remote
- Type of Record (designated as either OTSO World Record or OTSO National Record).
OTSO National Records (ONR): A National Record will use all the same recording criteria as an OTSO World Record (OWR), but instead, it will be designated as the OTSO National Record for the country that the lifter is from.
III. APPAREL AND SUPPORTIVE EQUIPMENT
This section defines the two primary lifting divisions, the mandatory dress code, the allowed and disallowed equipment for each division, and the structure for weight classes and age groups.
All OTSO competitions will offer two distinct divisions of competition: RAW LIFTING and EQUIPPED LIFTING.
III.A. RAW Lifting Division
The RAW division is intended for lifters using minimal support gear.
| Equipment Allowed | Restrictions & Notes |
| Singlet/T-shirt/Shorts | Full-length singlets are allowed. Singlet straps must be worn over the shoulders. T-shirts must not cover the elbow. Sleeveless shirts/Tank Tops are allowed. Shorts must be above the top of the knees. |
| Pants/Leggings | Leggings, tights, or yoga pants are allowed only if they allow officials to clearly see the lifter’s knees are locked out during a lift. Sweatpants, track pants, or any other type of pants are not allowed. |
| Wrist Wraps | Maximum length of 36 inches (91 cm). |
| Knee Sleeves | Maximum specifications: Single-Ply, 12 inches (30 cm) in length, and 7 mm (approx. 0.3 inches) thick. |
| Shoes | Standard athletic shoes, deadlift slippers, or deadlift shoes are allowed. Open-toed shoes (e.g., flip-flops or sandals) are not allowed. Lifting in bare feet is not allowed. |
| Belts | Must not exceed 23 centimeters (9 inches) in width. Only one belt may be worn, which can be stretchable, Velcro, leather or neoprene. |
| Braces or Supports (any part of the body) | May be allowed with medical proof and approval from officials. |
| Lifting Gloves | Not allowed. |
| Lifting Straps | Not allowed. |
| Socks | Socks must be below the kneecaps. For medical exemptions, a doctor’s note and prescription socks must be presented to the Meet Director or Head Official prior to the meet. |
| Kilts | Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift. Kilts are allowed on all other lifts. Underwear is required to be worn underneath kilt. |
III.B. EQUIPPED Lifting Division
The EQUIPPED division allows for the use of supportive gear, which typically permits heavier lifts.
| Equipment Allowed (Equipped) | Restrictions & Notes |
| Supportive Gear | Knee Sleeves, Wrist Wraps, Elbow Sleeves, Knee Wraps, and Elbow Wraps are all allowed for all lifts. |
| Bench Shirts | Bench Press shirts of any kind are allowed. |
| Compression Shorts | Allowed. |
| Lifting Straps | Allowed. |
| Lifting Gloves | Not allowed. |
| Supportive Suit/Shirt Shoulder Straps | The straps of the supportive lifting suit (squat/deadlift) or bench shirt must be worn over the lifter’s shoulders at all times during the lift. |
| Socks | Socks must be below the kneecaps. For medical exemptions, a doctor’s note and prescription socks must be presented to the Meet Director or Head Official prior to the meet. |
| Shoes | Standard athletic shoes, deadlift slippers, or deadlift shoes are allowed. Open-toed shoes (e.g., flip-flops or sandals) are not allowed. Lifting in bare feet is not allowed. |
| Belts | Must not exceed 23 centimeters (9 inches) in width. Only one belt may be worn, which can be stretchable, Velcro, leather or neoprene. |
| Kilts | Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift. Kilts are allowed on all other lifts. Underwear is required to be worn underneath kilt. |
| Layered Equipment | Equipment must not be stacked or layered. Example: No knee wraps over a knee sleeve. Each layer must be clearly seen by all referees. |
| Multiple Belts | Only one belt may be worn at a time. Wearing multiple belts is a disqualification of the lift and is not allowed. |
| Braces or Supports (any part of the body) | May be allowed with medical proof and approval from officials. |
III.C. OTSO Gear and Dress Code (Applies to Both Divisions)
The following rules apply to all lifters in both the RAW and EQUIPPED divisions.
| Category | Rule |
| Headwear | Headbands are allowed. Hats are not allowed to be worn during competitions. |
| Substances | Dry chalk or liquid chalk are the only types of substance allowed to be used on the hands or body. Tacky resin (often referred to as ‘Tacky’ or ‘Stone Tacky’) is not allowed for any lifts. Liquid chalk must be approved by the Head Official at the event. |
| Taping | Tape is not allowed on the hands or any other part of the body. Exception: Tape or bandages are allowed to cover open wounds or injuries, but only after inspection and approval by officials or the Meet Director. |
| Appearance | Lifting attire which contains inappropriate language or images, is too revealing, sloppy in appearance, or deemed otherwise inappropriate by the weigh-in official or Meet Director is a violation of the OTSO dress code. |
| Inspection | Lifters may be required to have their lifting gear and dress uniform inspected at weigh-ins. Approval of proper dress code will be determined by the Meet Director. |
IV. EQUIPMENT STANDARDS: STANDARDIZED COMPETITION EQUIPMENT
IV.A. General Equipment Requirements (Unit Consistency, Safety, and Increments)
- Unit Consistency: A competition must use a single unit of measure for all loading equipment. All plates, barbells, dumbbells, and kettlebells must be labeled in either Kilograms (kg) or Pounds (lb). Mixing units is strictly prohibited within a single competition.
- Approved Plate Increments: The following plate increments are approved for use in competition:
- Kilograms (kg): 50, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.5, and 0.25 kg
- Pounds (lb): 100, 45, 35, 25, 15, 10, 5, 2.5, 1, and 0.5 lb
- Weight Plate Tolerance: All plates used in competition must be calibrated to ensure accuracy. The tolerance for any plate must not exceed ±0.1% (plus or minus zero-point-one percent) of its marked weight.
IV.B. Barbell and Plate Specifications
- Barbell General Specification: The standard barbell will use an Olympic-style bar with a 2-inch (50 mm) sleeve diameter to accommodate standard Olympic plates. The bar must be straight, and its sleeves are permitted to revolve. Material and Grip Restriction: All bars used in competition must be made of solid metal (such as steel or iron). Bars made of plastic, wood, or PVC are not allowed. NO rubber-coated bars, rubber handles, or rubber grips of any kind are permitted for competition.
- Barbell Standard Dimensions and Weight:
- Total Length: Minimum of 7 feet (213 cm). Maximum of 8.5 feet (259 cm).
- Exception: Skull Krushers a bar of a minimum of 5 feet can be used.
- Shaft Diameter: Minimum of 1 inch (25 mm). Maximum of 1.25 inches (32 mm).
- Sleeve Diameter: Minimum of 1.96 inches (50 mm).
- Internal Collar Distance: Minimum of 51 inches (130 cm). Maximum of 58 inches (147 cm).
- Weight Marking: The bar must be marked with a clear indication of its weight if it is not the standard 45 pounds (20 kilograms).
- Total Length: Minimum of 7 feet (213 cm). Maximum of 8.5 feet (259 cm).
- Knurling: Knurling is allowed on any part of the bar. Knurling is mandatory in the center of the bar for all one-hand lifts.
- Plate Physical Specifications:
- Maximum Diameter: The standard maximum diameter for competition plates is 18 inches (46 cm).
- EXCEPTION: For certain specialized lifts (e.g., the Bob Peoples Deadlift), oversize plates (such as block pull or wagon wheel plates) may be used, with diameters up to 30 inches (76 cm). Specific size requirements will be noted in the rules for those individual lifts (See Section X. Table of Lifts and Full Lift Rules).
- Composition: Plate composition may be of metal, rubber, or rubber and metal. Plates made of wood or plastic are not allowed.
- Safety & Fit: Plates must fit soundly on the bar so as not to pose safety concerns and must have a center hole diameter of 2 inches (51 mm) to fit the barbell sleeves securely.
- Labeling: All plates must be clearly marked with their weight and allow the marking to be clearly visible to the referees.
- Maximum Diameter: The standard maximum diameter for competition plates is 18 inches (46 cm).
- Color Coding (Kilograms): If available, the standard color-coding system for Olympic-style weight plates (in kilograms) must be used: 25 kg: Red; 20 kg: Blue; 15 kg: Yellow; 10 kg: Green; 5 kg: White; 2.5 kg: Black; 1.25 kg and lighter: Chromed, Grey, or Black.
IV.C. Collars, Racks, and Platforms
- Collars (Mandatory Use): Collars to securely fasten the plates to the bar must be used for all lifts.
- Weight Inclusion: The weights of the collars may be included in the total weight being lifted. A standard pair of competition collars typically weigh 0.45 kg (1.0 lbs).
- Type: Collars should be of a style appropriate to the bar being used (e.g., quick-release, clamp, or metal clip collars).
- Lifting Platforms:
- Dimensions: The lifting platform must be square or rectangular with a minimum surface area of 8 feet x 8 feet (2.4 meters x 2.4 meters) as defined in section VII.F.1.
- Surface: The platform surface must be stable, firm, and non-slip (wood, non-porous rubber, or similar).
- Racks and Stands: All racks, stands, and supports used for competition must be highly stable, non-tipping, and easily and securely adjustable by the competition staff to meet the height requirements of individual lifters.
IV.D. Dumbbells and Specialty Implements
- Dumbbell Specification: All dumbbells used in competition must be fixed weight implements with their weight clearly marked on the bell, handle, or sleeve. Handles may be straight or contoured, and their diameters must be uniform. Revolving handles are prohibited unless the lift specifically calls for a revolving implement.
- Specialty Bars and Implements: Any bar or implement used for the 33 unique OTSO lifts (e.g., Trap Bar, Saxon Bar, Vertical Bars) must comply with the specific dimensions and construction requirements outlined in Section VI. TABLE OF LIFTS AND FULL LIFT RULES. All implements used for a single competition must be identical in dimension, weight, and material.
- Allowable Exceptions (Lighter/Shorter Bars): A lighter and shorter bar may be used in the following instances:
- When the combined weight of the bar and plates does not exceed 45 pounds (20 kilograms).
- For women, Junior lifters, and Masters lifters, a shorter and lighter bar may be substituted, even if the load exceeds 45 pounds (20 kilograms), to better accommodate varying body sizes and strength levels.
- A shorter bar may be substituted for a standard 7-foot (2.13-meter) Olympic bar to mitigate a demonstrable safety risk or to improve the execution mechanics of a specialty lift (e.g., Skull Krushers a bar of a minimum of 5 feet 1.52 meters can be used), provided the substitute bar is identical in diameter and serves the same purpose.
V. GENERAL SAFETY PROTOCOLS AND LIFT EXECUTION
V.A. General Competition Safety Protocols
- Safety Briefing: All lifters are required to attend the lifter safety briefing prior to the start of the competition. Failure to attend may result in disqualification from the event.
- Equipment Inspection: All implements (bars, logs, dumbbells, plates, etc.) must be inspected and approved by the Head Referee or designated official before the start of the competition and prior to being loaded for each attempt.
- Platform Condition: The lifting platform must be kept clean, dry, and free of all debris (including excessive chalk). Since liquids create a slip hazard, any spill on or near the platform must be wiped up immediately. The surface must always provide a safe, non-slip grip.
- Emergency Plan: All venues must have a clear, documented emergency plan that includes access to first aid/emergency medical personnel. Lifters must familiarize themselves with the location of emergency exits and medical support.
- Unruly Conduct: Any lifter, coach, or spectator exhibiting unsportsmanlike, aggressive, or unruly behavior that compromises the safety of any individual will be immediately removed from the venue.
V.B. Lifter Responsibility and Health
- Health Declaration: By participating, the lifter certifies they are in good physical condition and have no medical condition that would prevent them from safely participating in heavy weightlifting activities.
- Communication: If a lifter sustains an injury or feels unwell at any point, they must immediately inform the Head Referee or a designated official.
- Use of Chalk: Only dry chalk or liquid chalk (magnesium carbonate) is permitted on the hands, bar, or implement. Tacky, or sprays are strictly prohibited unless the specific lift rules explicitly allow them. Liquid chalk must be approved by the Head Official at the event.
- Spotter/Loader Interaction: The lifter must wait for the Head Referee’s command before approaching the bar. The lifter is strictly forbidden from interfering with the Spotters/Loaders, including touching the equipment (bar, plates, or collars) they are handling, touching the crew itself, or arguing with them.
V.C. General Lift Execution Standards
- Referee Commands: The Head Referee is responsible for giving all mandatory commands. Lifters must listen for and strictly obey these commands. Any lift executed before or after the required commands will result in a No Lift.
- Start Command (Lift Ready): The referee will issue a “Lift” or “Press” or “Curl” or “Start” command (depending on the lift) only after the lifter is motionless, in the starting position, and the equipment is secure.
- Finish/Down Command: The Head Referee will issue a “Rack,” “Down,” or “Finish” command only once the lift is successfully completed, the lifter is motionless, and all technical requirements of the lift are met (e.g., full lockout, momentary hold).
- Time Limit: The maximum time limit to perform and complete a lift is one minute (1:00). The timer begins when the Head Official or Meet Announcer calls out the command “The bar is loaded.” The lifter is free to reposition or restart the lift as many times as required within this limit.
- No Downward Movement: For any pressing or curling movement, any downward movement of the bar once the upward ascent has begun, before the final successful position is reached, will be considered a No Lift.
- Foot Position: Unless otherwise specified by the rules for a specific lift, once the lift has commenced (i.e., after the Start/Lift command), no movement of the feet (stepping, shuffling, or lifting a foot) is permitted until the “Down” or “Finish” command has been given.
VI. TABLE OF LIFTS AND FULL LIFT RULES
This section lists the 33 official OTSO lifts and provides the detailed rules for successful execution and disqualification.
The following lifts are designated as Grip-Dominant:
• Thomas Inch Dumbbell Lifts (1-Hand and 2-Hand variants)
• Saxon Bar Lifts (2-Inch and 3-Inch variants)
• Deep Dish Plate Deadlift
• Vertical Bar Deadlifts (All 1-Inch and 2-Inch variants)
These lifts must be performed RAW. No supportive equipment (straps, suits, tack) is permitted, and only RAW records will be maintained for these disciplines.
VI.A. General Disqualification Standards (No Lift)
In addition to the specific causes for disqualification outlined for each individual lift, the following actions will result in an immediate declaration of “No Lift” by the Head Referee for any lift being contested:
- Refusal of Commands: The lifter fails to wait for or violates a mandatory command from the Head Referee (e.g., “Curl,” “Down,” “Press,” etc.).
- Unsafe Dropping: The lifter intentionally or unintentionally drops the bar or apparatus from an overhead, rack, or loaded position onto the platform or floor. The safe return of the weight is mandatory for a successful lift unless specifically exempted by the lift’s unique rules (e.g., certain strongman-style carries).
- Use of Illegal Equipment: The lifter utilizes any supportive gear, equipment, or substance not permitted by this rule book or explicitly disallowed by the Meet Director for that specific lift.
- Leaving the Platform: The lifter steps completely off the lifting platform boundary during the performance of the lift.
- Failure to Lockout/Finish: For any lift that requires a specific final position (e.g., fully standing, fully locked elbows), the lifter fails to maintain the motionless, finished position until the Head Referee gives the final “Down” or “Rack” command.
- Unsportsmanlike Conduct: Any behavior deemed disruptive, offensive, or dangerous to the officials, spotters, or other competitors will result in a “No Lift” declaration and potential removal from the competition, at the Meet Director’s discretion.
VI.B. Table of Lifts
Standard Time Limit (Applies to ALL OTSO Lifts)
| The time limit to perform and complete the lift is one minute (1:00). The timer begins when the Head Official or Meet Announcer calls out the command “The bar is loaded.” Once the timer begins, the lifter is free to reposition the bar, adjust their grip, or restart the lift as many times as required to achieve a successful attempt within the one-minute limit. |
1. Hackenschmidt Floor Press – 15-Inch Floor Press
The rules of the Bench Press apply with these exceptions. The lift will be performed lying on the ground with shoulders, buttocks, and feet remaining in contact with the floor throughout the lift. The legs must remain straight with knees locked. No bending of the knees is allowed at any time; doing so will result in disqualification of the lift attempt. The bottom of the bar height will be no more than 15 inches (38 cm) from the ground/platform. The lift may be performed from a power rack, blocks, or any stable support system. The attempt begins at the lifter’s discretion and is finished when the arms are locked to the best of their ability, and the head official gives a “Down” command. The bar may be lowered during the attempt but must be locked out to receive a “Down” command. There is no grip width limit on this lift; the hands may be any width inside the collars. Alternate grip is not allowed, but Reverse Grip is allowed at the meet director’s discretion for the “Bench Press, Touch N Go” and the “Hackenschmidt Floor Press” lifts. Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift. Officials Commands: Down
2. Donald Dinnie Deadlift
The rules of the Deadlift apply with these exceptions. Two loadable vertical bars with attached ring handles are used for the Donald Dinnie Deadlift. The maximum height from the floor to the top of the lifting rings is 21 inches (53 cm). The smaller vertical bar’s weight must not exceed 75 percent of the other larger loaded vertical bar. Any style of deadlifting may be used, straddle lift, side by side or in front on the legs. The head official will give a “Down” command to end the lift once the lifter is erect/vertical, knees locked, and the weight is motionless and under control. Officials Commands: Down
3. 18-Inch Bob Peoples Deadlift
The rules of the deadlift apply except that the bottom of the bar height will be no more than 18 inches (45.7 cm) off the ground. Oversized or wagon wheel plates with a diameter up to 30 inches may be used. This is a Conventional Deadlift; the hands must be outside of the legs. The lift may be performed from a power rack, blocks or any stable support system. A successful lift is completed when the lifter is standing completely erect and the bar is motionless, at which point an official will give the command to finish. Officials Commands: Down
4. Overhead Log Press
Any size metal or wooden log, up to 12 inches (30.5 cm) in diameter may be used. Oversized or wagon wheel plates with a diameter up to 30 inches may be used. The lifter may take the log to their shoulder, then overhead in any style they want provided both hands remain on the bar. Standing the log on the side/end is not allowed. Once the log is overhead, the lifter’s arms locked to the best of their ability, their legs straight and feet in line with the body, the head official will then give the “Down” command.
After the “Down” command, the lifter must maintain control and safely return the bar to the platform. Once the weight is below the shoulder level, the lifter may drop the weight, but their hands must stay in touch with the log/bar all the way to the ground. Failure for the hands to remain in contact with the weight is a disqualification. Officials Commands: Down
5. Trap Bar Deadlift
The rules of the Deadlift apply with these exceptions. A trap bar will be used, and the lifter must stand inside the trap bar to perform the lift. The bar must be of standard height and no more than 9 inches (22.9 cm) off the ground. Officials Commands: Down
6. 18-Inch Trap Bar Deadlift
The rules of the Trap Bar Deadlift apply except that the bottom of the bar height will be no more than 18 inches (45.7 cm) off the ground. Oversized or wagon wheel plates with a diameter up to 30 inches may be used. The Trap Bar may be supported on blocks or any stable support system to elevate the bar. Officials Commands: Down
7. Bench Press, Touch N Go
The rules of the Bench Press apply (see VI.C). Alternate grip is not allowed, but Reverse Grip is allowed at the meet directors discretion for Bench Press, Touch N Go & Hackenschmidt Floor Press lifts. Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift. Officials Commands: Start, Rack
8. Bench Press, 2 Dumbbells (Two Hands)
The rules of the Bench Press apply with these exceptions. Any size dumbbells or dumbbell handles may be used. Spotters may hand the weights to the lifter. The head official will give a “start” command, and the lifter will lower the dumbbells until the hands/wrists are at the top of the chest. The lifter will receive a “press or up” command once the dumbbells are at chest level. After pressing to lockout and receiving the “rack” command from the head official, spotters may assist in taking the weight from the lifter. Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift. Officials Commands: Start, Press, Rack
9. Bench Press, 1 Arm Dumbbell (Right or Left Hand)
The rules of the Bench Press apply with these exceptions. Any size dumbbell or dumbbell handle may be used. Spotters may hand the weights to the lifter. Records will be kept for the right hand and the left hand. The head official will give a “start” command, and the lifter will lower the dumbbell until the hand/wrist are at the top of the chest. The lifter will receive a “press or up” command once the dumbbell is at chest level. After pressing to lockout and receiving the “rack” command from the head official, spotters may assist in taking the weight from the lifter. Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift. Officials Commands: Start, Press, Rack
10. 2-Inch Axle Overhead Press (Apollon’s Axle)
Any length 2-inch (51 mm) Axle bar may be used. The Axle bar may have rotating sleeves and/or knurling. The lifter may take the Axle bar to their shoulder, then overhead in any style they want provided both hands remain on the bar. Standing the Axle bar on the side/end is not allowed. Once the Axle bar is overhead, the lifter’s arms locked to the best of their ability, their legs straight and feet in line with the body, then the head official will then give the “Down” command.
After the “Down” command, the lifter must maintain control and safely return the bar to the platform. Once the weight is below the shoulder level, the lifter may drop the weight, but their hands must stay in touch with the log/bar all the way to the ground. Failure for the hands to remain in contact with the weight is a disqualification. Officials Commands: Down
11. Skull Krusher with Olympic Style Bar
A shorter bar may be substituted for a standard 7-foot (2.13-meter) Olympic bar. Exception: a bar of a minimum of 5 feet 1.52 meters can be used (see VI.D.3). The lifter begins by lying on the platform face up, with their legs straight, and arms bent at the elbows reaching back over the head to grasp the bar with their palms facing upward. The lifter’s grip on the bar must not exceed shoulder width. Any standard size weight plates are allowed. During the lift, the legs must remain straight and flat on the ground. The lifter is allowed to have someone hold their feet, if so desired. The lift begins with lifter grasping the bar behind the top of the head. The head official will give a “Start” command and the lifter will press the weight from behind their head to a locked elbows position. Once the lifter has the bar overhead, elbows locked and motionless, the head official will give a “Down” command to end the lift. The bar is then returned to the floor. Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift. Officials Commands: Start, Down
12. Louis Cyr 1 Arm Dumbbell Press (Left or Right Hand)
Any size dumbbell or dumbbell handle may be used for this lift. The lifter may choose to perform the lift with either the left or the right hand. Records will be kept for the left hand and right hand. The dumbbell will be raised to the shoulder in any manner (one or two hands) but must become motionless at the shoulder before being pressed overhead. Once at the shoulder, the dumbbell is pressed overhead with only one hand. The non-lifting hand is not allowed to touch the arm or weight during the overhead press. The feet may move during the attempt. If unsuccessful with one arm, the lifter may switch and attempt the dumbbell with the other arm, time permitting.
Once the dumbbell is overhead and motionless with the arm locked to the best of their ability, the body upright, legs straight and stable, the head official will then give a “Down” command. After the “Down” command, the lifter must maintain control and safely return the dumbbell to the platform. Once the dumbbell is below the knee level the lifter may drop the weight, but their hands must follow it to the ground. Dropping the weighted dumbbell will disqualify the lift. Officials Commands: Down
13. Bavarian Deadlift
The rules of the Deadlift apply, with these exceptions. This is a SUMO style deadlift, where the hands must remain inside the legs to start the lift. The handle for the Bavarian Deadlift is a 1-inch (25 mm) bar with no knurling and no more than 30 inches (76.2 cm) in length.
Equipment Restriction: You must use a solid metal bar (steel or iron) for the Bavarian Deadlift. NO rubber-coated bars, rubber handles, or rubber grips of any kind are permitted. Plastic, wood, and PVC bars are also strictly prohibited.
The bottom of the bar must be no more than 12 inches (30.5 cm) off the elevated platform. An elevated platform is used, and the height of the platform is at the meet director’s discretion. The weights will be loaded on a loading pin directly below the lifter. The bar may be connected to the weights by a rigid connection, carabiner, or chain. Officials Commands: Down
14. Thomas Inch Dumbbell Lift (2 Hands)
This lift is restricted to the Raw classification. Equipped attempts are not permitted or recorded. The rules of the Deadlift apply with these exceptions. The dumbbells must have a handle of 2½-inch (64 mm) diameter. The plates need to be tight to prevent rotation of the plates during the lift. No knurling is allowed on the handle. The maximum diameter of the plates used is 12 inches (30.5 cm).
- For the 2-Hand Lift: The 2½-inch (64 mm) dumbbell handles must be lifted with two hands.
The feet must not move once the lift has begun. The height of the bars must be raised to a level where the center of the dumbbells is above the top of the knees. The legs must be locked at the completion of the lift, but the shoulders do not have to be erect or the body straight as long as the legs are straight. Once the center of the bars is above the top of the knees, the head official will give a “Down” command to end the lift. The lifter must return the dumbbells under control to the ground or platform. Officials Commands: Down
15. Thomas Inch Dumbbell Lift 1 Hand (Right or Left Hand)
This lift is restricted to the Raw classification. Equipped attempts are not permitted or recorded. The rules of the Deadlift apply with these exceptions. The dumbbell must have a handle of 2½-inch (64 mm) diameter. The plates need to be tight to prevent rotation of the plates during the lift. No knurling is allowed on the handle. The maximum diameter of the plates used is 12 inches (30.5 cm).
This lift can be performed with the right hand or left hand. Records will be kept for each hand.
- For the 1-Hand Lift: The 2½-inch (64 mm) dumbbell handle must be lifted with one hand, above the knees. The non-lifting hand must not be touching any part of the dumbbell or body upon completing the lift.
The feet must not move once the lift has begun. The height of the bar must be raised to a level where the center of the dumbbell is above the top of the knees. The legs must be locked at the completion of the lift, but the shoulders do not have to be erect or the body straight as long as the legs are straight. Once the center of the bar is above the top of the knees, the head official will give a “Down” command to end the lift. The lifter must return the dumbbell under control to the ground or platform. Officials Commands: Down
16. Saxon Bar Lift (2-Inch)
This lift is restricted to the Raw classification. Equipped attempts are not permitted or recorded. The rules of the Deadlift apply. The Saxon Bar Lift, 2-inch (51 mm) rectangular bar must meet the following specifications:
- The 2-Inch Bar: The grip area size of the bar is 2-inch x 5-inch (51 mm x 127 mm), where the width must be a minimum of 2 inches (51 mm) with a 5-inch (127 mm) height.
- The gripping surface (length) of the bar must be between 40 inches (102 cm) minimum and 80 inches (203 cm)
The sleeves of the bar must not rotate, and the bar cannot have any knurling on it. The bar must be straight and weighed exactly. A metal rectangular bar of 2-inch (51 mm) must be used. The metal bar may be raw metal (unfinished) or the metal bar may be painted. Dry chalk or liquid chalk can be used on the lifter’s hands, but no other gripping adhesive is allowed (tacky resin or stone tacky is specifically disallowed). The bar must be gripped with the knuckles on both hands facing away from the body with a double overhand grip. The athlete must complete the lift with knees locked and the bar motionless. When the head official gives the “Down” command the bar must be returned to the platform while maintaining the grip and contact with the bar. Resting the bar on the thighs is not allowed and will be ruled an infraction. Officials Commands: Down
17. Saxon Bar Lift (3-Inch)
This lift is restricted to the Raw classification. Equipped attempts are not permitted or recorded. The rules of the Deadlift apply. The Saxon Bar Lift, 3-inch (76 mm) rectangular bar must meet the following specifications:
- The 3-Inch Bar: The grip area size of the bar is 3-inch x 4-inch (76 mm x 102 mm), where the width must be a minimum of 3 inches (76 mm) with a 4-inch (102 mm) height.
- The gripping surface (length) of the bar must be between 40 inches (102 cm) minimum and 80 inches (203 cm)
The sleeves of the bar must not rotate, and the bar cannot have any knurling on it. The bar must be straight and weighed exactly. A metal rectangular bar of 3-inch (76 mm) must be used. The metal bar may be raw metal (unfinished) or the metal bar may be painted. Dry chalk or liquid chalk can be used on the lifter’s hands, but no other gripping adhesive is allowed (tacky resin or stone tacky is specifically disallowed). The bar must be gripped with the knuckles on both hands facing away from the body with a double overhand grip. The athlete must complete the lift with knees locked and the bar motionless. When the head official gives the “Down” command the bar must be returned to the platform while maintaining the grip and contact with the bar. Resting the bar on the thighs is not allowed and will be ruled an infraction. Officials Commands: Down
18. Deep Dish Plate Deadlift
This lift is restricted to the Raw classification. Equipped attempts are not permitted or recorded. The rules of the Deadlift apply with these exceptions. The lift begins with the lifter using their fingers to grip a plate on each side of the bar. Any size bar may be used for this lift; it is recommended that the weight be slightly outside the legs for the best grip possible. The plates used to grip must be no more than 2 inches (51 mm) deep. The deep-dish edges of the plates may be turned outwards to provide a better gripping surface. A spacer/collar must be placed between the first and second plate for the fingers to get under the edges of the deep-dish plates without touching the other plates/weights. Once erect and vertical the head official will give a “Down” command. Officials Commands: Down
19. 1904 Dumbbell to Shoulder
Any size dumbbell or dumbbell handle may be used for this lift. The dumbbell will be lifted from the floor to the shoulder using any manner the lifter chooses. The dumbbell may be lifted with two hands or one hand, continental style, or may rest on the belt during the lift. The lifter’s hands may grab or use any part of the dumbbell to complete the lift. Any size weight plate may be loaded onto the dumbbell, it is recommended that 12-inch (30.5 cm) circumference plates or less be used.
Once the lifter is standing up straight with the dumbbell controlled on their shoulder, the head official will give the “Down” command. The lifter is allowed to keep both hands on the dumbbell to finish the lift. After the “Down” command, the lifter must maintain control and safely return the dumbbell to the platform. Once the dumbbell is below the knee level the lifter may drop the weight, but their hands must follow it to the ground. Dropping the weighted dumbbell will disqualify the lift. Officials Commands: Down
20. Standing EZ Curl Bar Lift
Rules of the Standing EZ Curl Bar lift apply (see VI.E.). Officials Commands: Curl, Down
21. Saxon Two Hands Anyhow
The lifter may use any combination of dumbbells, kettlebells or barbells for this lift. The weight of each implement does not need to be the same weight; one implement can weigh more than the other, but two implements must be used for this lift. Both implements must be lifted from the platform to overhead and locked out with both arms straight. The lifter may use any form or type of lifting to achieve this goal, such as a push press, clean, snatch, strict press or a jerk.
The first weight may be lifted using both hands and then followed by the other weight. The bar may also be upended, turned on its side, on the platform during the lift. The first weight may be taken to the shoulder or pressed overhead while the second implement is being picked up from the platform. The lifter may also choose to lift both weights at the same time, but the weights do not need to necessarily be pressed overhead at the same time. When both weights are motionless overhead, locked out and the body upright, the head official will give the “Down” command. The lifter must make every effort to return the weights under control to the platform. Officials Commands: Down
22. 24-Inch Zercher Lift
The bottom of the bar height will be no more than 24 inches (61 cm) off the ground. Oversized or wagon wheel plates with a diameter up to 30 inches may be used. The lift may be performed from a power rack, blocks or any stable support system. A towel or bar pad may be used on the bar for lifter safety. Chalk is also allowed on the arms during this lift. The lift begins on the platform when the bar is deadlifted to the knees or thighs and lifted upright from there. The lifter may also lift the weight directly from the 24-inch (61 cm) platform height.
The bar will be secured in the crooks of the elbows, and the lifter will then stand upright with the weight and the arms going outward from the body. The lifter may choose to have the arms inside or outside the legs. The lifter may also lock the hands together or keep them separate. After standing upright with the weight and the body completely vertical, the head official will give a “Down” command.
After the “Down” command, the lifter must maintain control and safely return the bar to the platform. Once the bar is below the knee level the lifter may drop the weight, but their hands must follow it to the ground. Dropping the weighted bar will disqualify the lift. Officials Commands: Down
23. Atlas Stone Plate Lift
The Atlas Stone Plate Lift allows any size steel plate to be used; rubber or bumper plates are not permitted. Basic chalk (magnesium carbonate) is allowed for this lift; no other type of grip aid is permitted. A 2-inch (51 mm) loading pin shaft is used for this lift. The gripping surface is determined by the larger 100 lb (45.36 kg) 45 lb (20.41 kg) or 25 lb (11.34 kg) plates the lifter chooses to use in this lift. Smaller plates may be used but not as part of the gripping area.
The lifter will straddle the weight and may place their hands on the edges of the plates or underneath the plates. The lifter may roll the hands under the plates to assist with grip, and it is acceptable for the hands to touch one another during the lift.
The weight must be lifted from the floor to a horizontal position above the waist until it is motionless. The lifter may “lap” the weight (weight resting on the knees and lap) before standing upright and motionless. When lapping the weight the hands can be adjusted but must remain on the outside edges of the plates, not underneath the plates
Once the weight is above the waist, motionless and under control, the head official will give a “Down” command. The edge of the weight may rest on the lifter’s belt when the weight is held motionless above the waist.
Please note that the weights for this lift must be lifted from the edges of the weight plate, which is required to be standing upright, vertically. The plates may NOT be lifted lying flat on the ground. Officials Commands: Down
24. Vertical 1-Inch Bar Deadlift (2 Hands)
This lift is restricted to the Raw classification. Equipped attempts are not permitted or recorded. Records will be kept for this lift where two vertical bars and two hands are used to perform the lift. The rules of the Deadlift apply with these exceptions. Any vertical bars of 1-inch (25 mm) diameter may be used. The bars must be constructed from smooth pipe or a solid steel shaft; no knurling is allowed on the bars. The total length or height of the vertical bar when standing can be up to a maximum of 30 inches (76 cm). Any style of deadlifting stance may be used, including straddle lift, side by side, or in front of the legs. The bar and weight stack must be lifted clear of the surface and held motionless, demonstrating full control. At the top of the lift, the lifter’s legs must be erect and straight (locked out). Once the lifter has achieved lock out and the weight stack is motionless, the head official will give a “Down” command. The bar must be returned under control to the platform. Officials Commands: Down
25. Vertical 1-Inch Bar Deadlift 1 hand (Right or Left Hand)
This lift is restricted to the Raw classification. Equipped attempts are not permitted or recorded. Records will be kept for the right and left hand. The rules of the Deadlift apply with these exceptions. Any vertical bar of 1-inch (25 mm) diameter may be used. The bar must be constructed from smooth pipe or a solid steel shaft; no knurling is allowed on the bar. The total length or height of the vertical bar when standing can be up to a maximum of 30 inches (76 cm). Any style of deadlifting stance may be used, including straddle lift, side by side, or in front of the legs. The bar and weight stack must be lifted clear of the surface and held motionless, demonstrating full control. At the top of the lift, the lifter’s legs must be erect and straight (locked out). If performing a single-hand lift (Left or Right), the free hand must be held clear of any contact with the body. Once the lifter has achieved lock out and the weight stack is motionless, the head official will give a “Down” command. The bar must be returned under control to the platform. Officials Commands: Down
26. Vertical 2-Inch Bar Deadlift (2 Hands)
This lift is restricted to the Raw classification. Equipped attempts are not permitted or recorded. Records will be kept for this lift where two vertical bars and two hands are used to perform the lift. The rules of the Deadlift apply with these exceptions. Any vertical bars of 2-inch (51 mm) diameter may be used. The bars must be constructed from smooth pipe or a solid steel shaft; no knurling is allowed on the bars. The total length or height of the vertical bar when standing can be up to a maximum of 30 inches (76 cm). Any style of deadlifting stance may be used, including straddle lift, side by side, or in front of the legs. The bar and weight stack must be lifted clear of the surface and held motionless, demonstrating full control. At the top of the lift, the lifter’s legs must be erect and straight (locked out). Once the lifter has achieved lock out and the weight stack is motionless, the head official will give a “Down” command. The bar must be returned under control to the platform. Officials Commands: Down
27. Vertical 2-Inch Bar Deadlift 1 hand (Right or Left Hand)
This lift is restricted to the Raw classification. Equipped attempts are not permitted or recorded. Records will be kept for the right and left hand. The rules of the Deadlift apply with these exceptions. Any vertical bar of 2-inch (51 mm) diameter may be used. The bar must be constructed from smooth pipe or a solid steel shaft; no knurling is allowed on the bar. The total length or height of the vertical bar when standing can be up to a maximum of 30 inches (76 cm). Any style of deadlifting stance may be used, including straddle lift, side by side, or in front of the legs. The bar and weight stack must be lifted clear of the surface and held motionless, demonstrating full control. At the top of the lift, the lifter’s legs must be erect and straight (locked out). If performing a single-hand lift (Left or Right), the free hand must be held clear of any contact with the body. Once the lifter has achieved lock out and the weight stack is motionless, the head official will give a “Down” command. The bar must be returned under control to the platform. Officials Commands: Down
28. Standing Bar Hoist (Flag Raise)
The lifter places one hand inside the collars, touching the sleeves; the other hand must remain on the 2-inch (51 mm) bar sleeve. Once the end of the bar comes off the ground, it may not touch the ground or the lifter’s body during the lift. Only the hands are allowed to touch any part of the bar during the lift. The arm in front of the collar must not touch the body at any time during the lift prior to the down command.
When the lifter is in position, the head official will say “Start.” Then the lifter will raise the barbell from the floor to an upright/vertical position using only the strength in their hands. If the bar touches the ground for any reason during the lift, it is a failed attempt. Once the bar is completely vertical, motionless, and under control, the head official will then give a “Down” command to finish the lift. The lifter can then grab the bar and lower the weight under control to the floor. Officials Commands: Start, Down
29. Turkish Get Up
Any dumbbell, kettlebell or barbell is used for this lift. The lift begins when the lifter is lying on their back on the platform holding the weight in one hand above the body with a straight arm perpendicular to the platform. After the lifter is set, the head official will give the “Start” command to begin the lift. The lifter will rise from the floor to a standing position, holding the chosen weight overhead with a straight arm throughout the lift.
The lifting arm must stay perpendicular to the lifting platform throughout the attempt. The lifter may use the non-lifting arm to brace against the body or push against the platform during the execution of the lift, but the non-lifting arm must not touch the weight or the lifting arm. Once standing erect with the weight overhead, motionless and the lifter’s feet in line with the body, the head official will give a “Down” command to end the lift. Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift. Officials Commands: Start, Down
30. Axle Bar Bench Press
The Rules of the Bench Press apply. Any length 2-inch (51 mm) Axle bar may be used. The Axle bar may have rotating sleeves and/or knurling. Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift. Officials Commands: Start, Rack
31. Axle Bar Curl Lift
The rules of the EZ Bar Curl apply. Any length 2-inch (51 mm) Axle bar may be used. The Axle bar may have rotating sleeves and/or knurling. Officials Commands: Curl, Down
32. Axle Bar Deadlift
The rules of the Deadlift apply. Any length 2-inch (51 mm) Axle bar may be used. The Axle bar may have rotating sleeves and/or knurling. Officials Commands: Down
33. Bench Press Feet In The Air
The rules of the Bench Press apply, with these exceptions. The lifters feet must remain in the air throughout the lift and must not touch the ground or the bench press uprights. Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift. Officials Commands: Start, Rack
VI.C. Bench Press Rules
The bench shall be placed on the platform with the head facing the front or angled up to 45 degrees. The head referee will be positioned on the head side of the bench press rack. The lifter is not allowed to enter the rack from the head side of the bench press rack.
The lifter must lie on their back with shoulders and buttocks in contact with the bench surface. The feet must be touching the floor, either flat or on the toes. The head does not need to be touching the bench. The lifter’s hands and fingers must grip the bar positioned in the rack stands with a thumb-around grip. This position shall be maintained throughout the lift. To achieve firm footing the lifter may use flat surfaced plates or blocks not exceeding 12 inches (30.5 cm) in height.
Once in the lifting position, the lifter may enlist the help of the spotter, loader or coach in removing the bar from the racks (handoff). The lifter must receive the handoff at arms’ length.
The spacing of the hands shall not exceed 32 inches (81.3 cm) measured between the index fingers (both index fingers must be within the 32-inch, 81.3 cm marks). Alternate or reverse grip is not allowed.
After removing the bar from the racks, the lifter will hold the bar at arm’s length and wait for a “Start” command from the head referee. After receiving the command, the lifter will lower the bar to the chest, then touch the chest with the bar and proceed to push the weight to lockout. The bar may not sink into the chest or be heaved by the lifter to gain additional support. The lifter must then return the bar to straight arms’ length with their elbows locked to the best of their ability. When the bar is locked out and motionless, the head official will give a “Rack” command, and the lifter will return the bar to the bench press rack. Kilts are not permitted on lifts where lifters are lying on the ground or on any bench press lift.
1. Causes for Disqualification of a Bench Press
- Failure to observe the head official’s “Start” or “Rack” commands during the lift.
- Raising the butt or shoulders or changing the elected lifting position during the lift.
- Heaving or sinking the bar into the chest or abdominal area in a way so as to make the lift easier.
- Any downward movement of the bar in the course of being pressed out.
- Failure to press the bar to arm’s length with elbows locked to the best of their ability at the completion of the lift.
- Any deliberate contact between the bar and the bar rest supports.
- Failure to comply with any of the items outlined under the Rules of Performance.
VI.D. Deadlift Rules
The lifter must face the front of the platform with the bar horizontally in front of the lifter’s feet, gripped with an alternate or double overhand grip in both hands and lifted until the lifter is standing erect.
On completing the lift, the knees shall be locked in a straight position and the shoulders erect with the shoulders, hips and ankles in a straight vertical body position. At the completion of the lift, the head official will say “Down!” The command will not be given until the bar is held motionless and the lifter is in the upright/vertical finished position.
Once the attempt has begun no downward movement of the bar is allowed until the lifter reaches the erect/vertical position with the knees locked.
1. Causes for Disqualification of a Deadlift
- Any downward movement of the bar before it reaches the final position.
- Failure to stand erect/vertical with the shoulders back.
- Failure to lock the knees straight at the completion of the lift.
- Stepping backward or forward or moving the feet laterally.
- Foot movement after the command “Down” will not be cause for failure.
- Lowering the bar before receiving the head official’s command.
- Releasing the bar and not returning the bar to the platform under control.
- Failure to comply with any of the items outlined under the Rules of Performance.
VI.E. Standing EZ Curl Bar Lift Rules
The lifter shall stand on the front of the platform. The bar shall be held horizontally across the thighs with the palms of the hands facing outward with the fingers and thumb gripping the bar, the knees locked, and arms extended.
After removing the bar from the racks or platform, the lifter must establish a vertical starting position. The lifter shall wait in the vertical starting position for the head official’s signal. The signal will be given once the lifter is motionless, with the command of “Curl.”
Once the curl command is given the lifter must bring the bar up to the fully curled position (bar near chin or throat with palms facing backward). During the lift, the lifter may bend at the waist or lean backward as much as needed without changing their foot position or bending their knees. The knees must remain locked.
When the lifter has reached the finished position the head official’s signal will give a verbal command of “Down.” The command will not be given until the bar is held motionless and the lifter is in the apparent finished position. Once the “Down” command is given, the lift is completed, and the lifter will replace the bar in the rack or on the platform. Dropping the bar in the process of replacing it will be considered a violation, and the lifter will lose the lift. Time Limit: There is a 1-minute time limit to perform the lift. The timer begins when the head official or meet announcer calls out “The bar is loaded.”
1. Causes for Disqualification of the Standing EZ Bar Curl
- Any downward movement of the bar before it reaches the final position.
- Failure to keep the knees locked and straight during the lift.
- Stepping backward or any movement of the feet.
- Failure to observe the head official’s commands.
- Failure to return the bar to the rack after receiving the “Down” command (e.g., dropping the bar).
VII. COMPETITION FLOW AND PROTOCOL
This section outlines the procedures and requirements for Meet Directors, lifters, and officials during all sanctioned OTSO competitions.
VII.A. Event Sanctioning
Types of Sanctioned Events and Sanction Requirements
All competitions seeking to recognize official OTSO Records or using OTSO scoring must be officially sanctioned by the OTSO Executive Board. A separate sanction request and a separate $50 sanction fee are required for each distinct type of event, even if they occur on the same day.
1. Main Competition (Formula Scored Event):
- This competition type includes a series of mandatory lifts, typically featuring two or more of the maximum five lifts (maximum of 5).
- Scoring utilizes the OTSO Formula (D.O.T.S. formula and Age Factor) to award points for individual lifts.
- Examples of lifts include Bench Press, Bavarian Deadlift, Saxon Deadlift, or Cyr Press.
- Sanction Fee: A separate $50 sanction fee is required for this event type.
2. Record Breakers Event:
- A competition where lifters are permitted to select specific lifts to attempt to set or break an official OTSO Record.
- The Meet Director determines the number of record attempts permitted, with a maximum of five (5) lifts per athlete for the entire sanctioned Record Breakers Event, regardless of how many divisions (Raw or Equipped) the athlete registers for.
- NOTE: A fourth attempt for record purposes is not permitted in a Record Breakers Event.
- Sanction Requirement: The event must be sanctioned if any OTSO Records are attempted.
- Sanction Fee: A separate $50 sanction fee is required for this event type.
3. Divisions and Registration
- Divisions: Both Main Competitions and Record Breakers events must clearly designate whether attempts are in the Raw Division or the Equipped Division.
- Division Participation and Athlete Registration: The Meet Director has the discretion to allow both the Equipped and Raw divisions to run simultaneously within both the Main Competition and the Record Breakers Event.
- Dual Division Registration: An athlete is permitted to compete in both the Equipped and Raw divisions during the same sanctioned event. If an athlete wishes to perform one lift (or any portion of their lifts) in the Raw division and another lift in the Equipped division, they must register twice with the Meet Director, once for each division. Each registration is treated as a separate entry for the athlete.
- Record Breakers Maximum Lift Cap: If an athlete registers for both the Raw and Equipped divisions, their combined attempts across both divisions may not exceed the maximum of five (5) lifts total for the event. They still must register and pay for each division separately, but the total number of lifts is capped at five.
- Entry Fees: The decision to charge separate entry fees for allowing an athlete to register in both the Equipped and Raw divisions is at the sole discretion of the Meet Director.
4. Combined Events
A Meet Director may hold both a Main Competition and a Record Breakers session on the same day. However, each is considered a separate sanctioned event and requires its own sanction request and separate $50 sanction fee.
5. Meet Director Appointment
All sanctioned events must have an appointed Meet Director responsible for compliance with this rule book, including specifying the number of lifts and divisions for the event.
6. Submission Timeline
The sanction request and required materials, along with the applicable $50 sanction fee for each event, must be submitted and approved at least 30 days prior to the scheduled event date.
7. Required Documents
The Meet Director must provide the following liability and risk documents as part of the sanctioning process:
- Signed Old Time Strongman Organization Inc. Sanctioning Agreement.
- The Meet Director is responsible for providing, having lifters sign and date, and maintaining digital copies of the Release of Liability, Waiver of Claims, Assumption of Risks and Indemnity Agreement (Lifter Release Forms) for a minimum period of five years after the event has finished.
- Certificate of Insurance (COI) (Optional): Event liability insurance is an available option and is recommended. The Meet Director must assess the need for event insurance based on the requirements and risk environment of the host country or region.
VII.B. Official OTSO Score Sheets (Mandatory Use)
To ensure standardized and accurate record-keeping, Meet Directors for all sanctioned events must utilize the following official score sheets provided by the OTSO Executive:
1. Main Competition Score Sheet (Excel Spreadsheet)
- The Excel Spreadsheet is the mandatory tool for scoring Main Competitions.
- It is designed to easily calculate the results for all lifts and will incorporate the following features and formulas:
- Division Tracking: A mechanism (such as a drop-down or checkbox) to track whether each lift was completed in the Equipped or the Raw Division.
- Weight Display: Shows the total weight lifted in both Pounds (LBS) and Kilograms (KG).
- Formula Integration: Automatically incorporates the formulas for the DOTS Formula, the Age Factor, and the Open Weight Class determination (e.g., if a lifter’s weight places them in an open class).
- Note: While weight is displayed in both units, the final DOTS Formula calculation and adjustments will be based on the weight lifted in kilograms (kg), as per the standard DOTS formula requirements.
- Availability: The Excel spreadsheet will be available for download on the official OTSO website.
- Note: Efforts are underway to integrate a system where Meet Directors can log in to the website to access and submit scores directly.
2. Record Breakers Score Sheets
- Two distinct score sheets are provided for the Record Breakers Event to simplify the Director of Records’ review process: one for the Raw Division and one for the Equipped Division.
- Athlete Requirement: If an athlete registers for both the Raw and Equipped divisions during a single Record Breakers session, they must fill out one of the separate score sheets for each division they compete in.
- Crucial Maximum Lift Cap: Regardless of the number of sheets filled or divisions entered, the athlete is still strictly limited to a maximum of five (5) record breaker lifts total during that Record Breaker session.
VII.C. Meet Director Responsibilities
- Order of Lifting: The Meet Director will determine and announce the order of lifting (flights or sessions) for the competition, typically based on weight class, age, or submitted opening attempts.
- Policy Enforcement: The Meet Director is responsible for ensuring all competitors adhere to the official OTSO Code of Conduct Policy, Drug Policy, Social Media Policy, Privacy Policy, and other organizational policies and rules.
- Officials: The Meet Director is responsible for selecting and appointing all necessary meet officials, including Referees, Scorekeepers, and the Announcer/Timekeeper.
VII.D. Weigh-in Procedure
- Timing: Weigh-ins cannot occur more than 24 hours before a competition and must be completed at least 30 minutes before the competition is scheduled to start.
- Attire: NO LIFTER SHALL BE WEIGHED IN THE NUDE. A lifter may be weighed in with what they intend to wear to compete or may strip down to their underwear.
- Weighing Scales: All scales used must be certified and capable of accurately recording body weight in kilograms (kg).
- Security and Witness: The weigh-in must be conducted in an open area (not a closed-door room). The Meet Director must provide a certified official to operate the scale. There must always be a witness present with the official during the weigh-in process of all lifters for legal protection and accountability. The Meet Director, if a certified official, may also record the weigh-in.
VII.E. Competition Lifting Protocol
- Attempts: Each lifter is allowed three attempts per lift within the competition.
- Progressive Loading: Lifting must follow the Progressive Loading System, meaning the weight of the lift must be the same or increasing at all times. Weight must increase by a minimum of 2.5 kg (5 lbs), except for record attempts where 0.5 kg (1 lb) is allowed.
- Declaration: The lifter is responsible for declaring their next attempt weight to the Scorekeeper immediately following a completed attempt.
- Improper Loading: If an attempt is improperly loaded, the lifter may accept the result if successful or refuse it and be granted a replacement attempt. If unsuccessful, the lifter is granted a replacement attempt.
VII.F. Competition Venue and Equipment Requirements
1. Lifting Platform (Mandatory): Lifting platforms must meet the following specifications:
- Minimum Size: All lifting platforms must have a minimum size of 8 feet x 8 feet (2.4 meters x 2.4 meters).
- Surface and Construction: The platform must be constructed from a non-slip material (such as wood, plywood, or rubber) and must be level.
- Visibility: The boundaries of the platform must be clearly marked.
- Suitability: The platform material and construction must be appropriate and safe for the specific lifts being contested in the event.
2. Warm-up Area (Recommendation):
OTSO recommends that the Meet Director provide a designated Warm-up Area for lifters located close to the competition platform. However, if venue limitations prevent this, the Meet Director must ensure that ample time is provided before the competition starts for all athletes to complete their warm-ups safely.
3. Signaling and Timing (Recommendation):
It is recommended that the competition utilize a visible signaling system (e.g., lights or cards) to announce the Referee’s decisions and a visible time clock with an audible warning device for managing the one-minute lift time limit.
VII.G. On-Platform Warm-up Attempts (Pre-First Attempt Only)
- Eligibility: An athlete who has not yet completed their first official attempt in the specific lift being contested may perform warm-up repetitions on the competition platform, at the discretion of the Meet Director.
- Procedure: After the competing lifter(s) have finished their official attempts at a given weight and before the bar is loaded for the next competing athlete, the eligible athlete must announce to the Meet Director or officials that they wish to perform warm-up reps.
- Weight Used: The athlete must use the weight currently loaded on the bar for the competition; they cannot request a different weight.
- Repetition Limit: A maximum of three (3) warm-up repetitions may be performed.
- Cessation: Once an athlete completes their first official competition attempt, they are no longer eligible for on-platform warm-up attempts.
VII.H. Time Limits and Declarations
- Lift Performance Time Limit: The maximum time limit to perform and complete the lift is one minute (1:00). The timer begins when the Head Official or Meet Announcer calls out the command “The bar is loaded.” Once the timer begins, the lifter is free to reposition the bar, adjust their grip, or restart the lift as many times as required to achieve a successful attempt within the one-minute limit.
- Successive Attempts Time Limit: If a lifter takes two attempts in immediate succession, they shall be given a maximum of three minutes (3:00) between the completion of their previous attempt and the “The bar is loaded” command for their next attempt. The lifter may choose to start the second lift sooner than the three-minute maximum.
- Forfeiture: An attempt is forfeited if the lifter has not completed the lift by the end of the allotted one-minute lift performance time, or if the lifter exceeds the three-minute limit for successive attempts (where applicable).
- Changing Attempts: The lifter may change their declared weight for the next attempt but must do so a minimum of five minutes (5:00) before they are called to the platform for that attempt. Any change made after the lifter has been called must be an increase in weight.
VII.I. Post-Competition Results
- Results Submission: The Meet Director is responsible for submitting the final, official competition results, score sheets and records set or broken to the OTSO leadership within seven days (1 week) following the event.
- Awards: The Meet Director is responsible
VIII. THE OTSO FORMULA: COMBINED SCORING SYSTEM (DOTS AND AGE FACTOR)
The Old Time Strongman Organization (OTSO) uses the official Dynamic Objective Team Scoring (DOTS) formula to ensure a fair and level playing field for all competitors, regardless of gender or body weight. The DOTS score allows us to determine the “pound-for-pound” best lifter.
VIII.A. How the DOTS Coefficient is Calculated
The final DOTS Score is simple: it is the weight you lifted (in kg) multiplied by your Coefficient. DOTS Score = Weight Lifted (kg) × Coefficient
Your Coefficient is a special number calculated using your exact body weight (BW) and a universal formula. Coefficient = The Big Number Calculated Below 500
VIII.B. The Coefficient Formula Explained (The Recipe)
The formula to find your Coefficient works like a mathematical recipe: you divide a fixed number, 500, by a complex number determined by your body weight, which we call The Big Number.
Coefficient = The Big Number Calculated Below 500
1. Step-by-Step for The Big Number
The calculation for The Big Number is where your body weight (BW) goes to work. The formula uses four “power-ups” of your body weight.
- BW: Your exact Body Weight (in kilograms).
- BW2: BW×BW (multiplied by itself two times)
- BW3: BW×BW×BW (multiplied by itself three times)
- BW4: BW×BW×BW×BW (multiplied by itself four times)
Each power-up is then multiplied by a tiny, specific number called a Constant. These constants (a, b, c, d, e) are the “secret ingredients” that make the final score fair for a lifter of your gender and size.
The Big Number = (a⋅BW4) + (b⋅BW3) + (c⋅BW2) + (d⋅BW) + e
2. Step-by-Step for the Coefficient
After all the parts are calculated and added together to get The Big Number, you divide the number 500 by The Big Number to find your final Coefficient.
VIII.C. The Specific Constants Used by OTSO
The following constants are used to calculate the Coefficient for men and women. These are the standard 3-Lift DOTS constants.
| Constant | Male Value (Men) | Female Value (Women) |
| a (BW4) | −0.0000010930 | −0.0000011559 |
| b (BW3) | 0.0007391293 | 0.0005740456 |
| c (BW2) | −0.1918759221 | −0.1479869165 |
| d (BW) | 24.0900756 | 18.2351225 |
| e (Fixed) | −307.75076 | −186.74543 |
VIII.D. Step-by-Step Example: Calculating the Coefficient
Here is the exact calculation for a man and a woman who each weigh 100.0 kg to show how the constants create two different coefficients.
Example 1: Man (100.0 kg Body Weight)
| Step | Formula Part | Male Constant × Power-Up | Result |
| 1. | a⋅BW4 | −0.0000010930 × 100,000,000 | −109.30 |
| 2. | b⋅BW3 | 0.0007391293 × 1,000,000 | 739.13 |
| 3. | c⋅BW2 | −0.1918759221 × 10,000 | −1,918.76 |
| 4. | d⋅BW | 24.0900756 × 100.0 | 2,409.01 |
| 5. | e (Fixed Value) | −307.75076 | −307.75 |
| 6. | The Big Number (Sum of Steps 1-5) | (Add and subtract the results) | 812.33 |
| 7. | Coefficient (500 ÷ 812.33) | 500 ÷ 812.33 | 0.61552 |
Example 2: Woman (100.0 kg Body Weight)
| Step | Formula Part | Male Constant × Power-Up | Result |
| 1. | a⋅BW4 | −0.0000011559 × 100,000,000 | −115.59 |
| 2. | b⋅BW3 | 0.0005740456 × 1,000,000 | 574.05 |
| 3. | c⋅BW2 | −0.1479869165 × 10,000 | −1,479.87 |
| 4. | d⋅BW | 18.2351225 × 100.0 | 1,823.51 |
| 5. | e (Fixed Value) | −186.74543 | −186.75 |
| 6. | The Big Number (Sum of Steps 1-5) | (Add and subtract the results) | 615.35 |
| 7. | Coefficient (500 ÷ 615.35) | 500 ÷ 615.35 | 0. 81254 |
VIII.E. OTSO Scoring Policy & Future Development
OTSO Scoring Policy (Effective Immediately): The Old Time Strongman Organization will use the official DOTS formula and its standard 3-Lift constants (as detailed above) to determine the coefficient for every individual lift contested, regardless of the competition format (single-lift, 2-lift, 3-lift, 4+ lift total, etc.). All weights lifted must be converted to kilograms (kg) before being entered into the formula.
OTSO Future Vision and Commitment to Accuracy: We recognize that the standard DOTS formula was modeled on the Squat, Bench Press, and Deadlift. To ensure the fairest possible comparison for our 25+ unique Old Time Strongman lifts (e.g., Hackenschmidt Floor Press, Bavarian Deadlift, Dinnie Deadlift), OTSO is making a long-term commitment. We will be collecting detailed data (body weight vs. lift total) for all 25+ of our unique lifts over the next several years. Once sufficient data is gathered, we will engage a mathematician to develop a custom, scientifically tailored coefficient for each lift. This initiative will establish the OTSO Scoring Formula as the most accurate and fair strength standard for Old Time Strongman lifting in the world.
VIII.F. Final Competition Score Calculation
The final total score for each lift shall be determined by multiplying the athlete’s raw weight lifted (in kilograms) by the DOTS Coefficient (as defined in Section VIII.A), and then multiplying that result by the applicable Age Factor Coefficient (as defined in Section IX).
**Final Score = (Weight Lifted in kg × DOTS Coefficient) × Age Factor Coefficient**
VIII.G. Strategic Data Collection
Strategic Data Collection: Formalize the multi-year plan for collecting lift data on the 25+ unique lifts, establishing milestones for engaging statistical experts to develop custom, highly accurate, specialty-lift-specific coefficients. This commitment is paramount to securing OTSO’s long-term competitive distinction.
IX. OTSO LIFTER SCORING SYSTEM: THE AGE FACTOR
The Age Factor is designed to create a truly level playing field for all Master lifters (age 40 and older) and Junior lifters (12 to 19). This factor adjusts the base DOTS Score to accurately account for the natural changes in strength that occur with age and experience. It ensures that a great performance by an 80-year-old is recognized and compared fairly against a great performance by a 40-year-old, and a young lifter is scored relative to their potential peak strength. The Age Factor is a coefficient that is multiplied by the lifter’s DOTS-adjusted weight lifted to generate the **Final Score**, as detailed in SectionVIII.F.
IX.A. The Age Factor Explained (Pound-for-Pound, Age-Adjusted)
Think of the Age Factor like a “Handicap” or a “Bonus Multiplier.”
- The Starting Point (Age 40): At age 40, a Master lifter’s coefficient starts at 1.000. This means their base DOTS Score is multiplied by 1, so it doesn’t change yet.
- The Multiplier Increases (Masters): As a lifter gets older (40+), the age factor number gets higher (e.g., 1.100, 1.500). This rewards their dedication and longevity.
- The Multiplier Decreases (Juniors): For Junior lifters (up to and including age 19), the age factor is less than 1.000. This recognizes that they are still developing their strength, and their score is adjusted downward slightly compared to the mature peak strength expected at age 40.
IX.B. Gender Neutrality of the Age Factor
The Age Factors listed below are gender neutral. The base DOTS formula already uses different constants to account for the physical differences between men and women based on body weight. Once that base strength is calculated, the Age Factor is applied universally to adjust for the expected rate of strength change over time, which follows a similar mathematical curve for both genders.
IX.C. Junior Age Factor Table (Ages 12-19)
The age factor is determined by the lifter’s age on the day of the competition.
- CLARIFICATION FOR YOUNGER LIFTERS: Because the minimum eligible age for competition is 12, all lifters aged 12 and 13 will be assigned the universal Junior Age Factor of 0.830 to standardize scoring for the youngest competitors.
| Age (Years) | Junior Age Factor |
| 12 | 0.830 |
| 13 | 0.830 |
| 14 | 0.850 |
| 15 | 0.868 |
| 16 | 0.900 |
| 17 | 0.925 |
| 18 | 0.948 |
| 19 | 0.965 |
IX.D. Age Factor Table (Senior A and Senior B)
The age factor is determined by the lifter’s age on the day of the competition.
| Age (Years) | Open A Age Factor | Age (Years) | Open B Age Factor |
| 20 | 1.000 | 30 | 1.000 |
| 21 | 1.000 | 31 | 1.000 |
| 22 | 1.000 | 32 | 1.000 |
| 23 | 1.000 | 33 | 1.000 |
| 24 | 1.000 | 34 | 1.000 |
| 25 | 1.000 | 35 | 1.000 |
| 26 | 1.000 | 36 | 1.000 |
| 27 | 1.000 | 37 | 1.000 |
| 28 | 1.000 | 38 | 1.000 |
| 29 | 1.000 | 39 | 1.000 |
IX.E. Master Age Factor Table (Ages 40-100)
The age factor is determined by the lifter’s age on the day of the competition.
| Age (Years) | Master Age Factor | Age (Years) | Master Age Factor | Age (Years) | Master Age Factor | Age (Years) | Master Age Factor |
| 40 | 1.000 | 55 | 1.120 | 70 | 1.411 | 85 | 1.965 |
| 41 | 1.003 | 56 | 1.134 | 71 | 1.439 | 86 | 2.013 |
| 42 | 1.008 | 57 | 1.147 | 72 | 1.468 | 87 | 2.064 |
| 43 | 1.014 | 58 | 1.162 | 73 | 1.498 | 88 | 2.115 |
| 44 | 1.020 | 59 | 1.178 | 74 | 1.529 | 89 | 2.169 |
| 45 | 1.026 | 60 | 1.194 | 75 | 1.562 | 90 | 2.224 |
| 46 | 1.033 | 61 | 1.211 | 76 | 1.596 | 91 | 2.281 |
| 47 | 1.040 | 62 | 1.230 | 77 | 1.631 | 92 | 2.340 |
| 48 | 1.048 | 63 | 1.249 | 78 | 1.668 | 93 | 2.400 |
| 49 | 1.057 | 64 | 1.269 | 79 | 1.706 | 94 | 2.462 |
| 50 | 1.066 | 65 | 1.290 | 80 | 1.745 | 95 | 2.526 |
| 51 | 1.075 | 66 | 1.312 | 81 | 1.786 | 96 | 2.592 |
| 52 | 1.086 | 67 | 1.335 | 82 | 1.829 | 97 | 2.660 |
| 53 | 1.096 | 68 | 1.360 | 83 | 1.873 | 98 | 2.730 |
| 54 | 1.108 | 69 | 1.385 | 84 | 1.918 | 99 | 2.801 |
| 100 | 2.875 |
IX.F. Scoring Examples with the Age Factor
These examples illustrate how the Age Factor modifies the score for a male lifter weighing 100 kg who lifts 200 kg in a single lift. (Note: The DOTS Coefficient for a 100 kg Male is 0.81255, taken from the official OTSO formula example).
| Lifter Details | DOTS Score (Base) | Age Factor | Final Adjusted Score | Explanation |
| 1. Junior (15 y/o) | 200 kg x 0.81255 = 162.51 | 0.868 (Section C) | 162.51 x 0.868 = 141.1 | The age factor is less than 1.000, slightly reducing the score. This accounts for the fact that a 15-year-old is expected to gain significant strength as they mature. |
| 2. Master (48 y/o) | 200 kg x 0.81255 = 162.51 | 1.048 (Section E) | 162.51 x 1.048 = 170.3 | The age factor is just over 1.000, giving a modest increase to the score. This begins to account for the small strength decline that has occurred since the peak age of 40. |
| 3. Master (86 y/o) | 200 kg x 0.81255 = 162.51 | 2.013 (Section E) | 162.51 x 2.013 = 327.1 | The age factor is more than double 1.000, resulting in a large increase to the score. This highly rewards the impressive performance by an extremely dedicated senior athlete, allowing their score to be fairly compared to younger lifters. |
IX.G. Final Adjusted Score Formula
The Age Factor is the final step in determining the lifter’s result for award purposes:
| Final Adjusted Score = ( Weight Lifted (kg) x DOTS Coefficient ) x Age Factor |
Note: All official OTSO score sheets and competition scoring templates utilized by meet directors must integrate this formula. The Final Adjusted Score is the mandated metric for determining final placement, awards, and record certifications.
X. OFFICIALS, REFEREEING, AND JUDGMENT PROTOCOL
This section details the required officials for all sanctioned competitions and outlines their specific responsibilities, roles, and the method of judging.
X.A. Judging Panel and Requirements
1. Minimum Age Requirement: To qualify as a certified OTSO official, referee, or platform judge, an individual must be at least 18 years of age or older. No person under the age of 18 may officiate at any sanctioned OTSO competition.
X.B. Official Judging Systems
- Official Judging Systems: All sanctioned lifts are subject to one of two formal judging systems, depending on the stakes of the lift:
- Standard Judging (Minimum 1 Official): A minimum of one (1) OTSO Certified Official is required to verify, record, and validate competition results. The one-official system is also the minimum requirement for a lifter attempting to set or break an OTSO National Record (ONR).
- World Record Judging (Mandatory 3 Officials): A panel of three (3) OTSO Certified Officials must be present for any lifter attempting to set or break an OTSO World Record (OWR).
- Certified Officials: Only OTSO Certified Officials may be used for an approved OTSO sanctioned meet / competition.
- Majority Rule (2:1): When the three-official system is used (mandatory for OWR attempts), a lift is declared a “Good Lift” only if it receives a minimum of two (2) successful votes from the three-person judging panel.
- Platform Positioning (Three-Official System): When using the three-official system, one of the officials will be designated as the Head Official. The Head Official must position themselves directly in front of the lifter on the lifting platform. The other two officials (Side Officials) will sit to either side of the lifter to view the lift from slightly different angles.
X.C. Head Official Responsibilities
The Head Official is the final authority on the platform and is responsible for:
- Command Execution: Giving all mandatory verbal commands (e.g., “Bar is Loaded,” “Start,” “Down”) at the appropriate time for the specific lift being performed.
- Final Decision: Immediately rendering their decision (Good Lift or No Lift) after the attempt is completed, using the designated signaling system or hand signals.
- Safety: Ensuring the safety of the lifter, spotters, and platform crew throughout the attempt.
X.D. Side Official Responsibilities
The two Side Officials are responsible for:
- Observing Technique: Closely observing the lifter from their position (typically on opposite sides of the platform) to ensure compliance with all technical rules for the specific lift.
- Impartial Decision: Immediately rendering their impartial decision (Good Lift or No Lift) after the Head Official gives the final command, using the designated signaling system or hand signals.
- Reporting Infractions: Informing the Head Official of any infractions that may not be visible to the Head Official (e.g., failure to lock the knees, slight foot movement).
X.E. Announcer and Timekeeper Duties
- Announcer Role: Responsible for announcing the lifter’s name, weight class, declared weight, and the successful or unsuccessful outcome of the lift.
- Timekeeping: Responsible for accurately tracking and announcing the one-minute time limit for the lifter to complete the lift (per VII.H. Time Limits and Declarations).
- The Meet Director or Announcer must audibly announce when one minute remains for attempt declarations.
- If a visible clock is not used, verbal announcements of time warnings must be made.
X.F. Signaling System
- System: It is recommended that a visible signaling system (such as three lights or cards—white for success, red for failure) be used to immediately display the decisions of the three Officials.
- Hand/Card Signals: If an electric light system is unavailable, the Officials will use clear and conspicuous hand signals or colored cards/sticks to signal their decision to the Scorekeeper and the audience.
X.G. Professional Governance and Finality of Decisions
Professional governance requires a defined process for handling official misconduct and establishes the authority of the judging panel.
- Finality of Decisions (No Appeals): The decisions rendered by the certified Judging Panel on the competition platform (Good Lift or No Lift) are final and non-appealable. There is no mechanism for appeal or formal protest of any technical or factual judgment regarding a lifter’s attempt.
- Improvement Opportunity Report (IOR): The official Improvement Opportunity Report (IOR) system is the mandated tool for documenting opportunities related to organizational function. Reporting Infractions: Officials are mandated to use the IOR to formally document all instances of unsportsmanlike conduct, ethical violations, or significant official errors observed during the competition for disciplinary review. Submitting Suggestions: The IOR is also the designated channel for all members and officials to submit suggestions and ideas for organizational improvement.
- Official Misconduct and Decertification: Failure by an official to maintain the required standards of impartiality, integrity, or compliance with the Code of Conduct will result in immediate temporary suspension and a review by the OTSO Leadership Team, which may lead to permanent decertification.
X.H. Mandatory Official Requirements and Roster
Mandatory Active Membership: All certified OTSO officials must maintain a current, active OTSO membership to officiate any OTSO event or competition.
Mandatory Certified Officials: All OTSO sanctioned events must utilize a minimum of one (1) OTSO Certified Official to oversee the competition. The Certified Official must be willing to verify and sign the official competition results document for it to be considered valid for record submission.
Official Roster and Status: The OTSO Leadership Team, or a designated Officials Director, will maintain a public roster of all currently certified officials. This roster will track and display the following statuses, reflecting the hierarchy of certification:
- Officials in Training:
- Requirements: Individuals who have successfully passed the written Rules Examination.
- Status: Must complete practical sessions to advance to Level 2.
- The date of passing the written exam is tracked.
- Level 2 Officials:
- Requirements: Officials who have completed the necessary practical sessions following the written exam. This is the entry-level certification for officiating a sanctioned meet.
- Validity: This status is valid for four (4) years, including the date their Level 2 certification is set to expire (when the next re-examination is due).
- Level 1 Officials (Lifetime Certification):
- Requirements: Officials who have successfully served as a Level 2 Official and have officiated a minimum of 150 attempts or more across sanctioned OTSO events.
- Status: Attains Lifetime Certified Status and is considered the highest level of certification.
- Only officials listed as Active may officiate at sanctioned events.
OTSO OFFICIAL CERTIFICATION HIERARCHY
| Certification Status | Requirements to Achieve | Validity / Notes |
| Official in Training | Successfully pass the Written Rules Examination. | Must complete practical sessions to become Level 2. |
| ↓ | ↓ | |
| Level 2 Official | Successful completion of required Practical Sessions (on-platform training). | Valid for four (4) years. Entry-level certification for sanctioned events. |
| ↓ | ↓ | |
| Level 1 Official | Successfully officiate a minimum of 150 Attempts at sanctioned events as a Level 2 Official. | Lifetime Certified Status (Highest Level). |
X.I. Path to Level 2 Certified Official Status
The process for an applicant to attain Level 2 Certified Official Status requires successfully completing the written examination and the practical experience requirements.
- Rules Examination: An applicant must be at least 18 years of age and a current OTSO member to write the OTSO Rules Examination. The open-book test is administered by the Officials Director with no time limit for completion, and there is no cost to take the exam. The applicant must achieve a score of 80% to pass. The Officials Director will inform the applicant if they have passed or failed and will also provide the applicant with the exam questions marked as “correct or incorrect” so that they know which areas they need to further their knowledge.
- Practical Certification Sessions (Achieving Level 2 Status): After successfully passing the Rules Examination, an applicant must complete two (2) practical judging sessions to achieve Level 2 status. This process requires the applicant to either officiate unofficially alongside a Certified Official or judge officially in a Three-Official System competition.
- Session Verification: Each of the two practical sessions must be supervised by an experienced OTSO Certified Official, who must authorize the applicant’s competence by signing a Practical Training Session form after the event.
- Video Training Option: Both of the two (2) required practical sessions may be substituted by passing a video-based judging simulation test administered by the Officials Director.
- Official in Training Status: An aspiring official who has passed the written exam but not yet completed their practical’s is designated as an Official in Training. They may judge alongside a Certified Official for practice during a competition; however, their judgment is advisory only and must not contribute to the official decision of a lift (Good Lift or No Lift).
- Note on Referee Exemption: The rule in Section I.C.5. provides a specific, temporary exception to the requirement for an on-site official when the only certified referee at a meet location is also the lifter. In such cases, remote video officiating by the OTSO Leadership Team supersedes the on-site requirement.
X.J. Level Advancement and Recognition
- Attaining Level 1 Certified Official Status (Lifetime Certification) A Level 2 Official may apply for Level 1 Certified Official Status once they have accumulated documented experience officiating a minimum of 150 successful or unsuccessful attempts across OTSO sanctioned events. (e.g., officiating 50 lifters who each take three attempts equals 150 attempts).
- Lifetime Certification: Once achieved, Level 1 Certified Status is considered Lifetime Certified. Level 1 Officials are permanently exempt from the mandatory re-examination requirement. They may still choose to re-take the written exam if they wish to familiarize themselves with rulebook updates.
- Experience Tracking: Level 2 Officials must maintain a detailed log documenting the events they officiated, including the dates, the name of the OTSO events, and the total number of attempts officiated for the various lifts in those events.
- Verification and Request: The Level 2 Official must submit a written request and their detailed log to the Officials Director. The Officials Director will verify the completion of the required 150 officiating attempts before granting Level 1 status.
- Recognition of Prior Officiating Experience Members who join OTSO and possess extensive officiating experience in other established strength organizations may contact the OTSO Leadership Team to request being granted either Level 1 or Level 2 Certified Official Status based on their prior verifiable experience. The OTSO Leadership Team will review all such requests on a case-by-case basis.
X.K. Certification Maintenance and Enforcement
Certification Term and Renewal: Official certification for Level 2 is valid for four (4) years. To maintain Active status, a Level 2 Certified Official must re-pass the OTSO Rules Examination every four (4) years. If there is a lapse in renewal, the official is not required to complete the practical training sessions again to regain certification.
Probation and Decertification: The OTSO Leadership Team, by majority vote, reserves the right to place any Certified Official on probationary status or permanently revoke certification due to consistent poor judging decisions or actions that violate the OTSO Code of Conduct.
Appeal of Status: An official who has been placed on probationary status or had their certification revoked must submit a written appeal to the OTSO Leadership Team to regain their status. The appeal requires a majority vote by the Leadership Team for status to be reinstated.
X.L. Official/Meet Director Competition Status
A certified OTSO Official or the appointed Meet Director is permitted to participate as a competitor and/or officiate in any Main Sanctioned Competition or Record Breakers Session that they are organizing, co-organizing, or officiating. This exemption is valid for both on-site competition participation and for the purpose of a Record Breakers Session. The Meet Director is also permitted to officiate other lifters while competing in the same event. For Remote Competition participation in a Main Competition, the rules regarding officiating and eligibility as stated in Section I.C. are fully in effect.
X.M. Remote Competition Exemption for Officials
If an OTSO official is competing remotely, they cannot judge their own lifts. They must record and submit their weigh-in and lift videos following the exact same “Video Submission Requirements” as all other members. Their lifts must be reviewed and judged by a different, certified OTSO official.
XI. SANCTIONED EVENTS AND HOST REQUIREMENTS
This section defines the official process for applying to host an OTSO-sanctioned competition and outlines the primary requirements that must be met by the Meet Director and the host entity.
XI.A. Meet Sanction Application Process
Any individual or organization wishing to host an official OTSO competition must obtain a sanction from the Old Time Strongman Organization leadership.
Application Requirement: The official Meet Sanction Application and the Old Time Strongman Organization Inc. Sanctioning Agreement are required and must be submitted via the official OTSO website.All application details, including payment instructions and submission deadlines, are governed by the current version of the Meet Sanction Application available exclusively on the official OTSO website.
The application process requires, but is not limited to, the following information and mandatory documentation:
- Event Details: Name, location, and date of the proposed meet.
- Meet Director Information: Contact details for the principal director(s).
- Required Documents:
- Signed Old Time Strongman Organization Inc. Sanctioning Agreement (Submitted with the Sanction Application) and $50 sanction fee.
- Lifter Agreements: Confirmation that the Meet Director will ensure all lifters sign the required Release of Liability, Waiver of Claims, Assumption of Risks and Indemnity Agreement (refer to Section XIII.B.4).
- Sanction Fee: A non-refundable fee is required to process the application.
XI.B OTSO Sanctioning Policy and Host Enforcement
All official OTSO competitive events (Member Events) are subject to and fully governed by the OTSO Sanctioning Policy. This separate and binding document defines the mandatory requirements, application process, event operational standards, and host compliance obligations that all Event Hosts must adhere to.
- Meet Director non-compliance with the Rule Book or Sanctioning Policy may result in disciplinary action.
- Details on penalties, processes, and enforcement for Meet Directors are in Section 5 of the OTSO Sanctioning Policy.
- All sanctions and penalties against Event Hosts (e.g., sanction revocation or membership termination) are final and determined exclusively by OTSO leadership.
XII. OFFICIAL OTSO POLICIES, MEMBERSHIP, AND AGREEMENTS
The Old Time Strongman Organization (OTSO) requires all members, officials, and event participants to comply with a unified set of official policies and agreements. These documents govern behavior, safety, privacy, and operational standards for all sanctioned events and organizational activities.
The version of each policy published on the official OTSO website constitutes the sole and legally binding version.
XII.A. Membership Requirement and Policy Acknowledgement
Active Membership Status:
Annual OTSO membership is required for all lifters and for all certified officials (Level 1 and Level 2) to participate in or officiate at any sanctioned event.
Annual Membership Agreement:
During the membership application or renewal process, each member must complete a membership application form on the official OTSO website, providing a signature and date to confirm that they have read, understood, and agreed to the current terms of all mandatory policies and agreements listed below.
XII.B. Mandatory Policies and Agreements
- OTSO Code of Conduct Policy: Establishes the standards of sportsmanship, respect, and professionalism expected of all members, officials, volunteers, and spectators. It includes zero-tolerance provisions for harassment, disruption, or disrespectful behavior, as well as the procedures for submitting an Improvement Opportunity Report (IOR) and the formal Appeals Process.
- OTSO Drug Policy: Affirms OTSO’s commitment to drug-free competition. It defines prohibited substances (including anabolic agents), allows for in- and out-of-competition testing without notice, and outlines the appeals process and penalties for positive or refused tests, including suspension or lifetime bans.
- OTSO Privacy Policy: Describes how OTSO collects, uses, and protects personal and media information from members, officials, and participants, in compliance with applicable privacy laws. It details data types collected, member rights regarding access and correction, and withdrawal of consent.
- OTSO Public Content and Media Policy: Outlines responsible online conduct consistent with the Code of Conduct. Members and officials must refrain from sharing confidential information or misrepresenting personal opinions as official OTSO statements. Violations may result in disciplinary action, including suspension or termination of membership.
- OTSO Sanctioning Policy: Sets forth requirements for all Member Event Hosts (Meet Directors) to ensure consistency, safety, and integrity across sanctioned events. Hosts must submit required documentation, follow all sanctioning protocols, and provide official results immediately following each event. Failure to comply may result in revocation of sanction or future eligibility.
- Old Time Strongman Organization Inc. – Member Form, Release of Liability, Waiver of Claims, Assumption of Risks and Indemnity Agreement: This mandatory agreement must be executed annually by all members and event participants. By signing, the individual acknowledges the inherent risks of heavy weightlifting, including serious injury or death, and releases OTSO and its representatives from liability to the fullest extent permitted by law. Parental or guardian consent is required for participants under 18 years of age.
XII.C. Enforcement
Failure to comply with any of the above policies or agreements constitutes a material breach of membership and may result in suspension, revocation of membership, or disqualification from OTSO-sanctioned events.
XIII. RECORDS AND CERTIFICATIONS
This section outlines the requirements for setting, submitting, and certifying official Old Time Strongman Organization (OTSO) records.
XIII.A. Record Eligibility
- Sanctioned Events Only: A lift is only eligible to be ratified as an OTSO Record if it is performed during an officially sanctioned Record Breakers Session OR if it is a successful fourth attempt completed during a Main Sanctioned Competition (as defined in Section VII.A.2.).
- Bodyweight and Age Class: All records are classified and maintained according to the lifter’s gender, official body weight class, and age division (as defined in I.B. Age and Weight Class Determination).
- Weight Increments: A record attempt must increase the existing record by a minimum of 0.5 kilograms (1 pound).
XIII.B. Record Documentation and Ratification
- Required Documentation: To document a new OTSO record (any lift that meets or exceeds the current record), the Meet Director must submit the following documentation to the OTSO Executive Board within fourteen (14) days of the competition:
- The official Score Sheet showing the successful weight lifted (in kilograms).
- Referee Signature Verification: The official score sheet(s) must be initialled by the Head Referee and two Side Referees who validated the lift if using the three-officials system. If using the one-official system only the initials of the Head Referee are required on the score sheet.
- Certification Process:
- Review: The OTSO Records Committee will review the submitted documentation to confirm compliance with all rules, commands, and official weight classifications.
- Ratification: If all criteria are met, the lift will be officially ratified and published on the OTSO Records List.
- Notification: The Meet Director and the lifter will be formally notified of the record status. The decision of the OTSO Records Committee is final.
- Record Breaking Ties: If two or more lifters achieve the same record weight in the same competition, the lifter who achieved the weight first (earlier in the competition order) will be credited with the new record.
XIV. GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ACRONYMS
| Term / Acronym | Definition |
| BW | Body Weight. Used exclusively in the calculation of the DOTS Formula Coefficient. |
| Certified Official | An individual who has successfully completed the OTSO certification process (Level 1 or Level 2) and is authorized to judge at sanctioned events. |
| COI | Certificate of Insurance. A mandatory document provided by the Meet Director to OTSO, naming the organization as an Additional Insured party. |
| Coefficient | The numerical value derived from a lifter’s body weight, used to normalize raw weight lifted into a final DOTS Score. |
| DOTS Formula | Dynamic Objective Team Scoring Formula. The mathematical equation used by OTSO to calculate the pound-for-pound best lifter score. |
| Good Lift | The decision rendered by a majority of Referees (at least 2/3) indicating that a lift attempt met all technical requirements. |
| IOR | Improvement Opportunity Report. The official form used to document and submit a formal complaint or incident regarding a violation of the Code of Conduct. |
| Meet Director | The individual or entity responsible for the organization, administration, and execution of a specific OTSO-sanctioned event. |
| No Lift | The decision rendered by a majority of Referees (at least 2/3) indicating that a lift attempt failed due to a technical violation of the rules. |
| OTSO | The Old Time Strongman Organization Inc. |
| Sanctioned Event | An official competition, training, or activity that has been formally approved and recognized by the OTSO Leadership Team, following the process outlined in Section XIV. |
| The Released Parties | Defined in the Waiver of Liability, referring to OTSO, its officers, directors, employees, volunteers, agents, and representatives. |
XV. APPENDICES
The Appendices contain supplementary, technical, and critical reference data that supports the main body of the rules but is not part of the sequential competition flow.
- DOTS Coefficient Table (Men)
- DOTS Coefficient Table (Women)
- Age Factor Table (Juniors)
- Age Factor Table (Senior A and Senior B)
- Age Factor Table (Masters)
- Record Breakers Score Sheet (RAW Division), PDF Download
- Record Breakers Score Sheet (EQUIPPED Division), PDF Download
- Weigh-In (Form), PDF Download
- Improvement Opportunity Report (IOR), PDF Download
- OTSO Rule Book, (PDF) Download
XV.A. DOTS Coefficient Table (Men)
The following table displays the Dynamic Objective Team Scoring (DOTS) Coefficient for male lifters from a body weight of 50.0 kg up to 150.0 kg in 0.1 kg increments. The coefficients are calculated using the male constants: a=−0.0000010930, b=0.0007391293, c=−0.1918759221, d=24.0900756, and e=−307.75076.
| Body Weight | Plus 0.0 | Plus 0.1 | Plus 0.2 | Plus 0.3 | Plus 0.4 | Plus 0.5 | Plus 0.6 | Plus 0.7 | Plus 0.8 | Plus 0.9 |
| 50 kg | 0.99478 | 0.99283 | 0.99089 | 0.98895 | 0.98704 | 0.98513 | 0.98323 | 0.98134 | 0.97947 | 0.9776 |
| 51 kg | 0.97575 | 0.97391 | 0.97208 | 0.97025 | 0.96844 | 0.96664 | 0.96485 | 0.96307 | 0.9613 | 0.95954 |
| 52 kg | 0.95779 | 0.95605 | 0.95431 | 0.95259 | 0.95088 | 0.94918 | 0.94749 | 0.9458 | 0.94413 | 0.94246 |
| 53 kg | 0.94081 | 0.93916 | 0.93752 | 0.93589 | 0.93427 | 0.93266 | 0.93106 | 0.92947 | 0.92788 | 0.9263 |
| 54 kg | 0.92473 | 0.92317 | 0.92162 | 0.92008 | 0.91855 | 0.91702 | 0.9155 | 0.91399 | 0.91249 | 0.91099 |
| 55 kg | 0.9095 | 0.90803 | 0.90655 | 0.90509 | 0.90363 | 0.90219 | 0.90075 | 0.89931 | 0.89789 | 0.89647 |
| 56 kg | 0.89506 | 0.89365 | 0.89225 | 0.89087 | 0.88948 | 0.88811 | 0.88674 | 0.88538 | 0.88402 | 0.88267 |
| 57 kg | 0.88133 | 0.88 | 0.87867 | 0.87735 | 0.87604 | 0.87473 | 0.87343 | 0.87213 | 0.87084 | 0.86956 |
| 58 kg | 0.86829 | 0.86702 | 0.86575 | 0.8645 | 0.86325 | 0.862 | 0.86076 | 0.85953 | 0.8583 | 0.85708 |
| 59 kg | 0.85587 | 0.85466 | 0.85346 | 0.85226 | 0.85107 | 0.84989 | 0.84871 | 0.84753 | 0.84636 | 0.8452 |
| 60 kg | 0.84404 | 0.84289 | 0.84174 | 0.8406 | 0.83947 | 0.83834 | 0.83721 | 0.83609 | 0.83498 | 0.83387 |
| 61 kg | 0.83277 | 0.83167 | 0.83057 | 0.82949 | 0.8284 | 0.82732 | 0.82625 | 0.82518 | 0.82412 | 0.82306 |
| 62 kg | 0.82201 | 0.82096 | 0.81991 | 0.81887 | 0.81784 | 0.81681 | 0.81579 | 0.81476 | 0.81375 | 0.81274 |
| 63 kg | 0.81173 | 0.81073 | 0.80973 | 0.80874 | 0.80775 | 0.80677 | 0.80579 | 0.80481 | 0.80384 | 0.80287 |
| 64 kg | 0.80191 | 0.80095 | 0.8 | 0.79905 | 0.7981 | 0.79716 | 0.79622 | 0.79529 | 0.79436 | 0.79344 |
| 65 kg | 0.79252 | 0.7916 | 0.79069 | 0.78978 | 0.78887 | 0.78797 | 0.78708 | 0.78618 | 0.78529 | 0.78441 |
| 66 kg | 0.78353 | 0.78265 | 0.78178 | 0.78091 | 0.78004 | 0.77918 | 0.77832 | 0.77746 | 0.77661 | 0.77576 |
| 67 kg | 0.77492 | 0.77408 | 0.77324 | 0.7724 | 0.77157 | 0.77075 | 0.76992 | 0.7691 | 0.76829 | 0.76747 |
| 68 kg | 0.76666 | 0.76586 | 0.76505 | 0.76426 | 0.76346 | 0.76267 | 0.76188 | 0.76109 | 0.76031 | 0.75953 |
| 69 kg | 0.75875 | 0.75798 | 0.75721 | 0.75644 | 0.75567 | 0.75491 | 0.75416 | 0.7534 | 0.75265 | 0.7519 |
| 70 kg | 0.75116 | 0.75041 | 0.74967 | 0.74894 | 0.7482 | 0.74747 | 0.74675 | 0.74602 | 0.7453 | 0.74458 |
| 71 kg | 0.74386 | 0.74315 | 0.74244 | 0.74173 | 0.74103 | 0.74033 | 0.73963 | 0.73893 | 0.73824 | 0.73755 |
| 72 kg | 0.73686 | 0.73617 | 0.73549 | 0.73481 | 0.73413 | 0.73346 | 0.73279 | 0.73212 | 0.73145 | 0.73079 |
| 73 kg | 0.73013 | 0.72947 | 0.72881 | 0.72816 | 0.72751 | 0.72686 | 0.72621 | 0.72557 | 0.72493 | 0.72429 |
| 74 kg | 0.72365 | 0.72302 | 0.72239 | 0.72176 | 0.72113 | 0.72051 | 0.71989 | 0.71927 | 0.71865 | 0.71803 |
| 75 kg | 0.71742 | 0.71681 | 0.7162 | 0.7156 | 0.715 | 0.7144 | 0.7138 | 0.7132 | 0.71261 | 0.71201 |
| 76 kg | 0.71142 | 0.71084 | 0.71025 | 0.70967 | 0.70909 | 0.70851 | 0.70793 | 0.70736 | 0.70679 | 0.70622 |
| 77 kg | 0.70565 | 0.70508 | 0.70452 | 0.70396 | 0.7034 | 0.70284 | 0.70229 | 0.70173 | 0.70118 | 0.70063 |
| 78 kg | 0.70008 | 0.69954 | 0.699 | 0.69845 | 0.69791 | 0.69738 | 0.69684 | 0.69631 | 0.69578 | 0.69525 |
| 79 kg | 0.69472 | 0.69419 | 0.69367 | 0.69315 | 0.69263 | 0.69211 | 0.69159 | 0.69108 | 0.69057 | 0.69006 |
| 80 kg | 0.68955 | 0.68904 | 0.68853 | 0.68803 | 0.68753 | 0.68703 | 0.68653 | 0.68603 | 0.68554 | 0.68505 |
| 81 kg | 0.68456 | 0.68407 | 0.68358 | 0.68309 | 0.68261 | 0.68213 | 0.68164 | 0.68117 | 0.68069 | 0.68021 |
| 82 kg | 0.67974 | 0.67927 | 0.6788 | 0.67833 | 0.67786 | 0.67739 | 0.67693 | 0.67647 | 0.676 | 0.67555 |
| 83 kg | 0.67509 | 0.67463 | 0.67418 | 0.67372 | 0.67327 | 0.67282 | 0.67237 | 0.67193 | 0.67148 | 0.67104 |
| 84 kg | 0.67059 | 0.67015 | 0.66971 | 0.66928 | 0.66884 | 0.66841 | 0.66797 | 0.66754 | 0.66711 | 0.66668 |
| 85 kg | 0.66625 | 0.66583 | 0.6654 | 0.66498 | 0.66456 | 0.66414 | 0.66372 | 0.6633 | 0.66289 | 0.66247 |
| 86 kg | 0.66206 | 0.66165 | 0.66124 | 0.66083 | 0.66042 | 0.66001 | 0.65961 | 0.6592 | 0.6588 | 0.6584 |
| 87 kg | 0.658 | 0.6576 | 0.6572 | 0.65681 | 0.65641 | 0.65602 | 0.65563 | 0.65524 | 0.65485 | 0.65446 |
| 88 kg | 0.65408 | 0.65369 | 0.65331 | 0.65292 | 0.65254 | 0.65216 | 0.65178 | 0.6514 | 0.65103 | 0.65065 |
| 89 kg | 0.65028 | 0.6499 | 0.64953 | 0.64916 | 0.64879 | 0.64842 | 0.64806 | 0.64769 | 0.64733 | 0.64696 |
| 90 kg | 0.6466 | 0.64624 | 0.64588 | 0.64552 | 0.64516 | 0.64481 | 0.64445 | 0.6441 | 0.64374 | 0.64339 |
| 91 kg | 0.64304 | 0.64269 | 0.64234 | 0.64199 | 0.64165 | 0.6413 | 0.64096 | 0.64062 | 0.64027 | 0.63993 |
| 92 kg | 0.63959 | 0.63925 | 0.63892 | 0.63858 | 0.63824 | 0.63791 | 0.63758 | 0.63724 | 0.63691 | 0.63658 |
| 93 kg | 0.63625 | 0.63592 | 0.6356 | 0.63527 | 0.63494 | 0.63462 | 0.6343 | 0.63397 | 0.63365 | 0.63333 |
| 94 kg | 0.63301 | 0.63269 | 0.63238 | 0.63206 | 0.63174 | 0.63143 | 0.63112 | 0.6308 | 0.63049 | 0.63018 |
| 95 kg | 0.62987 | 0.62956 | 0.62926 | 0.62895 | 0.62864 | 0.62834 | 0.62803 | 0.62773 | 0.62743 | 0.62713 |
| 96 kg | 0.62683 | 0.62653 | 0.62623 | 0.62593 | 0.62563 | 0.62534 | 0.62504 | 0.62475 | 0.62446 | 0.62416 |
| 97 kg | 0.62387 | 0.62358 | 0.62329 | 0.623 | 0.62271 | 0.62243 | 0.62214 | 0.62186 | 0.62157 | 0.62129 |
| 98 kg | 0.621 | 0.62072 | 0.62044 | 0.62016 | 0.61988 | 0.6196 | 0.61932 | 0.61905 | 0.61877 | 0.61849 |
| 99 kg | 0.61822 | 0.61795 | 0.61767 | 0.6174 | 0.61713 | 0.61686 | 0.61659 | 0.61632 | 0.61605 | 0.61578 |
| 100 kg | 0.61552 | 0.61525 | 0.61498 | 0.61472 | 0.61446 | 0.61419 | 0.61393 | 0.61367 | 0.61341 | 0.61315 |
| 101 kg | 0.61289 | 0.61263 | 0.61237 | 0.61212 | 0.61186 | 0.6116 | 0.61135 | 0.61109 | 0.61084 | 0.61059 |
| 102 kg | 0.61034 | 0.61009 | 0.60983 | 0.60959 | 0.60934 | 0.60909 | 0.60884 | 0.60859 | 0.60835 | 0.6081 |
| 103 kg | 0.60786 | 0.60761 | 0.60737 | 0.60712 | 0.60688 | 0.60664 | 0.6064 | 0.60616 | 0.60592 | 0.60568 |
| 104 kg | 0.60544 | 0.60521 | 0.60497 | 0.60473 | 0.6045 | 0.60426 | 0.60403 | 0.60379 | 0.60356 | 0.60333 |
| 105 kg | 0.6031 | 0.60287 | 0.60263 | 0.6024 | 0.60218 | 0.60195 | 0.60172 | 0.60149 | 0.60126 | 0.60104 |
| 106 kg | 0.60081 | 0.60059 | 0.60036 | 0.60014 | 0.59992 | 0.59969 | 0.59947 | 0.59925 | 0.59903 | 0.59881 |
| 107 kg | 0.59859 | 0.59837 | 0.59815 | 0.59794 | 0.59772 | 0.5975 | 0.59729 | 0.59707 | 0.59686 | 0.59664 |
| 108 kg | 0.59643 | 0.59621 | 0.596 | 0.59579 | 0.59558 | 0.59537 | 0.59516 | 0.59495 | 0.59474 | 0.59453 |
| 109 kg | 0.59432 | 0.59411 | 0.59391 | 0.5937 | 0.59349 | 0.59329 | 0.59308 | 0.59288 | 0.59267 | 0.59247 |
| 110 kg | 0.59227 | 0.59206 | 0.59186 | 0.59166 | 0.59146 | 0.59126 | 0.59106 | 0.59086 | 0.59066 | 0.59046 |
| 111 kg | 0.59027 | 0.59007 | 0.58987 | 0.58968 | 0.58948 | 0.58928 | 0.58909 | 0.5889 | 0.5887 | 0.58851 |
| 112 kg | 0.58832 | 0.58812 | 0.58793 | 0.58774 | 0.58755 | 0.58736 | 0.58717 | 0.58698 | 0.58679 | 0.5866 |
| 113 kg | 0.58641 | 0.58623 | 0.58604 | 0.58585 | 0.58567 | 0.58548 | 0.58529 | 0.58511 | 0.58493 | 0.58474 |
| 114 kg | 0.58456 | 0.58437 | 0.58419 | 0.58401 | 0.58383 | 0.58365 | 0.58347 | 0.58329 | 0.58311 | 0.58293 |
| 115 kg | 0.58275 | 0.58257 | 0.58239 | 0.58221 | 0.58203 | 0.58186 | 0.58168 | 0.5815 | 0.58133 | 0.58115 |
| 116 kg | 0.58098 | 0.5808 | 0.58063 | 0.58046 | 0.58028 | 0.58011 | 0.57994 | 0.57977 | 0.57959 | 0.57942 |
| 117 kg | 0.57925 | 0.57908 | 0.57891 | 0.57874 | 0.57857 | 0.5784 | 0.57824 | 0.57807 | 0.5779 | 0.57773 |
| 118 kg | 0.57757 | 0.5774 | 0.57723 | 0.57707 | 0.5769 | 0.57674 | 0.57657 | 0.57641 | 0.57624 | 0.57608 |
| 119 kg | 0.57592 | 0.57575 | 0.57559 | 0.57543 | 0.57527 | 0.57511 | 0.57495 | 0.57479 | 0.57463 | 0.57447 |
| 120 kg | 0.57431 | 0.57415 | 0.57399 | 0.57383 | 0.57367 | 0.57351 | 0.57336 | 0.5732 | 0.57304 | 0.57289 |
| 121 kg | 0.57273 | 0.57257 | 0.57242 | 0.57226 | 0.57211 | 0.57196 | 0.5718 | 0.57165 | 0.57149 | 0.57134 |
| 122 kg | 0.57119 | 0.57104 | 0.57088 | 0.57073 | 0.57058 | 0.57043 | 0.57028 | 0.57013 | 0.56998 | 0.56983 |
| 123 kg | 0.56968 | 0.56953 | 0.56938 | 0.56923 | 0.56909 | 0.56894 | 0.56879 | 0.56864 | 0.5685 | 0.56835 |
| 124 kg | 0.5682 | 0.56806 | 0.56791 | 0.56777 | 0.56762 | 0.56748 | 0.56733 | 0.56719 | 0.56704 | 0.5669 |
| 125 kg | 0.56676 | 0.56661 | 0.56647 | 0.56633 | 0.56619 | 0.56604 | 0.5659 | 0.56576 | 0.56562 | 0.56548 |
| 126 kg | 0.56534 | 0.5652 | 0.56506 | 0.56492 | 0.56478 | 0.56464 | 0.5645 | 0.56436 | 0.56423 | 0.56409 |
| 127 kg | 0.56395 | 0.56381 | 0.56368 | 0.56354 | 0.5634 | 0.56327 | 0.56313 | 0.56299 | 0.56286 | 0.56272 |
| 128 kg | 0.56259 | 0.56245 | 0.56232 | 0.56218 | 0.56205 | 0.56192 | 0.56178 | 0.56165 | 0.56152 | 0.56138 |
| 129 kg | 0.56125 | 0.56112 | 0.56099 | 0.56086 | 0.56072 | 0.56059 | 0.56046 | 0.56033 | 0.5602 | 0.56007 |
| 130 kg | 0.55994 | 0.55981 | 0.55968 | 0.55955 | 0.55942 | 0.55929 | 0.55917 | 0.55904 | 0.55891 | 0.55878 |
| 131 kg | 0.55865 | 0.55853 | 0.5584 | 0.55827 | 0.55815 | 0.55802 | 0.55789 | 0.55777 | 0.55764 | 0.55752 |
| 132 kg | 0.55739 | 0.55727 | 0.55714 | 0.55702 | 0.55689 | 0.55677 | 0.55664 | 0.55652 | 0.5564 | 0.55627 |
| 133 kg | 0.55615 | 0.55603 | 0.5559 | 0.55578 | 0.55566 | 0.55554 | 0.55542 | 0.55529 | 0.55517 | 0.55505 |
| 134 kg | 0.55493 | 0.55481 | 0.55469 | 0.55457 | 0.55445 | 0.55433 | 0.55421 | 0.55409 | 0.55397 | 0.55385 |
| 135 kg | 0.55373 | 0.55361 | 0.55349 | 0.55338 | 0.55326 | 0.55314 | 0.55302 | 0.5529 | 0.55279 | 0.55267 |
| 136 kg | 0.55255 | 0.55244 | 0.55232 | 0.5522 | 0.55209 | 0.55197 | 0.55185 | 0.55174 | 0.55162 | 0.55151 |
| 137 kg | 0.55139 | 0.55128 | 0.55116 | 0.55105 | 0.55093 | 0.55082 | 0.5507 | 0.55059 | 0.55048 | 0.55036 |
| 138 kg | 0.55025 | 0.55014 | 0.55002 | 0.54991 | 0.5498 | 0.54969 | 0.54957 | 0.54946 | 0.54935 | 0.54924 |
| 139 kg | 0.54913 | 0.54902 | 0.5489 | 0.54879 | 0.54868 | 0.54857 | 0.54846 | 0.54835 | 0.54824 | 0.54813 |
| 140 kg | 0.54802 | 0.54791 | 0.5478 | 0.54769 | 0.54758 | 0.54747 | 0.54736 | 0.54725 | 0.54715 | 0.54704 |
| 141 kg | 0.54693 | 0.54682 | 0.54671 | 0.54661 | 0.5465 | 0.54639 | 0.54628 | 0.54618 | 0.54607 | 0.54596 |
| 142 kg | 0.54585 | 0.54575 | 0.54564 | 0.54554 | 0.54543 | 0.54532 | 0.54522 | 0.54511 | 0.54501 | 0.5449 |
| 143 kg | 0.5448 | 0.54469 | 0.54459 | 0.54448 | 0.54438 | 0.54427 | 0.54417 | 0.54406 | 0.54396 | 0.54385 |
| 144 kg | 0.54375 | 0.54365 | 0.54354 | 0.54344 | 0.54334 | 0.54323 | 0.54313 | 0.54303 | 0.54292 | 0.54282 |
| 145 kg | 0.54272 | 0.54262 | 0.54252 | 0.54241 | 0.54231 | 0.54221 | 0.54211 | 0.54201 | 0.54191 | 0.5418 |
| 146 kg | 0.5417 | 0.5416 | 0.5415 | 0.5414 | 0.5413 | 0.5412 | 0.5411 | 0.541 | 0.5409 | 0.5408 |
| 147 kg | 0.5407 | 0.5406 | 0.5405 | 0.5404 | 0.5403 | 0.5402 | 0.5401 | 0.54 | 0.5399 | 0.53981 |
| 148 kg | 0.53971 | 0.53961 | 0.53951 | 0.53941 | 0.53931 | 0.53922 | 0.53912 | 0.53902 | 0.53892 | 0.53883 |
| 149 kg | 0.53873 | 0.53863 | 0.53853 | 0.53844 | 0.53834 | 0.53824 | 0.53815 | 0.53805 | 0.53795 | 0.53786 |
XV.B. DOTS Coefficient Table (Women)
This table displays the Dynamic Objective Team Scoring (DOTS) Coefficient for female lifters from a body weight of 50.0 kg up to 150.0 kg in 0.1 kg increments. The coefficients are calculated using the female constants: a=−0.0000011559, b=0.0005740456, c=−0.1479869165, d=18.2351225, and e=−186.74543.
| Body Weight | Plus 0.0 | Plus 0.1 | Plus 0.2 | Plus 0.3 | Plus 0.4 | Plus 0.5 | Plus 0.6 | Plus 0.7 | Plus 0.8 | Plus 0.9 |
| 50 kg | 1.19168 | 1.18965 | 1.18764 | 1.18563 | 1.18363 | 1.18165 | 1.17968 | 1.17772 | 1.17576 | 1.17382 |
| 51 kg | 1.17189 | 1.16998 | 1.16807 | 1.16617 | 1.16428 | 1.1624 | 1.16054 | 1.15868 | 1.15683 | 1.15499 |
| 52 kg | 1.15317 | 1.15135 | 1.14954 | 1.14775 | 1.14596 | 1.14418 | 1.14241 | 1.14065 | 1.1389 | 1.13716 |
| 53 kg | 1.13543 | 1.13371 | 1.13199 | 1.13029 | 1.12859 | 1.12691 | 1.12523 | 1.12356 | 1.1219 | 1.12025 |
| 54 kg | 1.11861 | 1.11697 | 1.11535 | 1.11373 | 1.11212 | 1.11052 | 1.10893 | 1.10735 | 1.10577 | 1.1042 |
| 55 kg | 1.10264 | 1.10109 | 1.09955 | 1.09801 | 1.09649 | 1.09497 | 1.09345 | 1.09195 | 1.09045 | 1.08896 |
| 56 kg | 1.08748 | 1.08601 | 1.08454 | 1.08308 | 1.08163 | 1.08018 | 1.07874 | 1.07731 | 1.07589 | 1.07448 |
| 57 kg | 1.07307 | 1.07166 | 1.07027 | 1.06888 | 1.0675 | 1.06612 | 1.06476 | 1.0634 | 1.06204 | 1.06069 |
| 58 kg | 1.05935 | 1.05802 | 1.05669 | 1.05537 | 1.05405 | 1.05275 | 1.05144 | 1.05015 | 1.04886 | 1.04758 |
| 59 kg | 1.0463 | 1.04503 | 1.04376 | 1.04251 | 1.04125 | 1.04001 | 1.03877 | 1.03753 | 1.0363 | 1.03508 |
| 60 kg | 1.03386 | 1.03265 | 1.03145 | 1.03025 | 1.02906 | 1.02787 | 1.02669 | 1.02551 | 1.02434 | 1.02317 |
| 61 kg | 1.02201 | 1.02086 | 1.01971 | 1.01857 | 1.01743 | 1.01629 | 1.01517 | 1.01405 | 1.01293 | 1.01182 |
| 62 kg | 1.01071 | 1.00961 | 1.00851 | 1.00742 | 1.00634 | 1.00526 | 1.00418 | 1.00311 | 1.00204 | 1.00098 |
| 63 kg | 0.99993 | 0.99888 | 0.99783 | 0.99679 | 0.99575 | 0.99472 | 0.99369 | 0.99267 | 0.99165 | 0.99064 |
| 64 kg | 0.98963 | 0.98863 | 0.98763 | 0.98664 | 0.98565 | 0.98466 | 0.98368 | 0.9827 | 0.98173 | 0.98077 |
| 65 kg | 0.9798 | 0.97884 | 0.97789 | 0.97694 | 0.976 | 0.97505 | 0.97412 | 0.97319 | 0.97226 | 0.97133 |
| 66 kg | 0.97041 | 0.9695 | 0.96859 | 0.96768 | 0.96677 | 0.96588 | 0.96498 | 0.96409 | 0.9632 | 0.96232 |
| 67 kg | 0.96144 | 0.96056 | 0.95969 | 0.95883 | 0.95796 | 0.9571 | 0.95625 | 0.95539 | 0.95455 | 0.9537 |
| 68 kg | 0.95286 | 0.95203 | 0.95119 | 0.95036 | 0.94954 | 0.94872 | 0.9479 | 0.94708 | 0.94627 | 0.94546 |
| 69 kg | 0.94466 | 0.94386 | 0.94306 | 0.94227 | 0.94148 | 0.9407 | 0.93991 | 0.93913 | 0.93836 | 0.93759 |
| 70 kg | 0.93682 | 0.93605 | 0.93529 | 0.93453 | 0.93378 | 0.93303 | 0.93228 | 0.93153 | 0.93079 | 0.93005 |
| 71 kg | 0.92932 | 0.92858 | 0.92786 | 0.92713 | 0.92641 | 0.92569 | 0.92497 | 0.92426 | 0.92355 | 0.92284 |
| 72 kg | 0.92214 | 0.92144 | 0.92074 | 0.92005 | 0.91936 | 0.91867 | 0.91798 | 0.9173 | 0.91662 | 0.91595 |
| 73 kg | 0.91527 | 0.9146 | 0.91394 | 0.91327 | 0.91261 | 0.91195 | 0.9113 | 0.91065 | 0.91 | 0.90935 |
| 74 kg | 0.90871 | 0.90807 | 0.90743 | 0.90679 | 0.90616 | 0.90553 | 0.9049 | 0.90428 | 0.90366 | 0.90304 |
| 75 kg | 0.90242 | 0.90181 | 0.9012 | 0.90059 | 0.89999 | 0.89938 | 0.89878 | 0.89819 | 0.89759 | 0.897 |
| 76 kg | 0.89641 | 0.89582 | 0.89524 | 0.89466 | 0.89408 | 0.8935 | 0.89293 | 0.89236 | 0.89179 | 0.89122 |
| 77 kg | 0.89066 | 0.8901 | 0.88954 | 0.88898 | 0.88843 | 0.88788 | 0.88733 | 0.88678 | 0.88624 | 0.8857 |
| 78 kg | 0.88516 | 0.88462 | 0.88409 | 0.88356 | 0.88303 | 0.8825 | 0.88197 | 0.88145 | 0.88093 | 0.88041 |
| 79 kg | 0.8799 | 0.87939 | 0.87887 | 0.87837 | 0.87786 | 0.87736 | 0.87685 | 0.87635 | 0.87586 | 0.87536 |
| 80 kg | 0.87487 | 0.87438 | 0.87389 | 0.8734 | 0.87292 | 0.87244 | 0.87196 | 0.87148 | 0.87101 | 0.87053 |
| 81 kg | 0.87006 | 0.86959 | 0.86913 | 0.86866 | 0.8682 | 0.86774 | 0.86728 | 0.86683 | 0.86637 | 0.86592 |
| 82 kg | 0.86547 | 0.86502 | 0.86458 | 0.86413 | 0.86369 | 0.86325 | 0.86282 | 0.86238 | 0.86195 | 0.86151 |
| 83 kg | 0.86109 | 0.86066 | 0.86023 | 0.85981 | 0.85939 | 0.85897 | 0.85855 | 0.85813 | 0.85772 | 0.85731 |
| 84 kg | 0.8569 | 0.85649 | 0.85609 | 0.85568 | 0.85528 | 0.85488 | 0.85448 | 0.85408 | 0.85369 | 0.8533 |
| 85 kg | 0.85291 | 0.85252 | 0.85213 | 0.85174 | 0.85136 | 0.85098 | 0.8506 | 0.85022 | 0.84984 | 0.84947 |
| 86 kg | 0.8491 | 0.84873 | 0.84836 | 0.84799 | 0.84763 | 0.84726 | 0.8469 | 0.84654 | 0.84618 | 0.84583 |
| 87 kg | 0.84547 | 0.84512 | 0.84477 | 0.84442 | 0.84407 | 0.84372 | 0.84338 | 0.84304 | 0.84269 | 0.84236 |
| 88 kg | 0.84202 | 0.84168 | 0.84135 | 0.84101 | 0.84068 | 0.84035 | 0.84003 | 0.8397 | 0.83938 | 0.83905 |
| 89 kg | 0.83873 | 0.83841 | 0.8381 | 0.83778 | 0.83747 | 0.83715 | 0.83684 | 0.83653 | 0.83623 | 0.83592 |
| 90 kg | 0.83561 | 0.83531 | 0.83501 | 0.83471 | 0.83441 | 0.83411 | 0.83382 | 0.83353 | 0.83323 | 0.83294 |
| 91 kg | 0.83265 | 0.83237 | 0.83208 | 0.8318 | 0.83151 | 0.83123 | 0.83095 | 0.83067 | 0.8304 | 0.83012 |
| 92 kg | 0.82985 | 0.82958 | 0.82931 | 0.82904 | 0.82877 | 0.8285 | 0.82824 | 0.82798 | 0.82771 | 0.82745 |
| 93 kg | 0.8272 | 0.82694 | 0.82668 | 0.82643 | 0.82617 | 0.82592 | 0.82567 | 0.82542 | 0.82518 | 0.82493 |
| 94 kg | 0.82469 | 0.82445 | 0.8242 | 0.82396 | 0.82373 | 0.82349 | 0.82325 | 0.82302 | 0.82279 | 0.82255 |
| 95 kg | 0.82232 | 0.8221 | 0.82187 | 0.82164 | 0.82142 | 0.82119 | 0.82097 | 0.82075 | 0.82053 | 0.82032 |
| 96 kg | 0.8201 | 0.81989 | 0.81967 | 0.81946 | 0.81925 | 0.81904 | 0.81883 | 0.81862 | 0.81842 | 0.81822 |
| 97 kg | 0.81801 | 0.81781 | 0.81761 | 0.81741 | 0.81722 | 0.81702 | 0.81682 | 0.81663 | 0.81644 | 0.81625 |
| 98 kg | 0.81606 | 0.81587 | 0.81568 | 0.8155 | 0.81531 | 0.81513 | 0.81495 | 0.81477 | 0.81459 | 0.81441 |
| 99 kg | 0.81424 | 0.81406 | 0.81389 | 0.81371 | 0.81354 | 0.81337 | 0.8132 | 0.81304 | 0.81287 | 0.81271 |
| 100 kg | 0.81254 | 0.81238 | 0.81222 | 0.81206 | 0.8119 | 0.81174 | 0.81159 | 0.81143 | 0.81128 | 0.81112 |
| 101 kg | 0.81097 | 0.81082 | 0.81067 | 0.81053 | 0.81038 | 0.81023 | 0.81009 | 0.80995 | 0.80981 | 0.80967 |
| 102 kg | 0.80953 | 0.80939 | 0.80925 | 0.80912 | 0.80898 | 0.80885 | 0.80872 | 0.80859 | 0.80846 | 0.80833 |
| 103 kg | 0.8082 | 0.80808 | 0.80795 | 0.80783 | 0.80771 | 0.80759 | 0.80747 | 0.80735 | 0.80723 | 0.80711 |
| 104 kg | 0.807 | 0.80688 | 0.80677 | 0.80666 | 0.80655 | 0.80644 | 0.80633 | 0.80622 | 0.80612 | 0.80601 |
| 105 kg | 0.80591 | 0.80581 | 0.80571 | 0.80561 | 0.80551 | 0.80541 | 0.80531 | 0.80522 | 0.80512 | 0.80503 |
| 106 kg | 0.80494 | 0.80485 | 0.80476 | 0.80467 | 0.80458 | 0.8045 | 0.80441 | 0.80433 | 0.80425 | 0.80416 |
| 107 kg | 0.80408 | 0.804 | 0.80393 | 0.80385 | 0.80377 | 0.8037 | 0.80362 | 0.80355 | 0.80348 | 0.80341 |
| 108 kg | 0.80334 | 0.80327 | 0.8032 | 0.80314 | 0.80307 | 0.80301 | 0.80295 | 0.80289 | 0.80283 | 0.80277 |
| 109 kg | 0.80271 | 0.80265 | 0.8026 | 0.80254 | 0.80249 | 0.80243 | 0.80238 | 0.80233 | 0.80228 | 0.80223 |
| 110 kg | 0.80219 | 0.80214 | 0.8021 | 0.80205 | 0.80201 | 0.80197 | 0.80193 | 0.80189 | 0.80185 | 0.80181 |
| 111 kg | 0.80178 | 0.80174 | 0.80171 | 0.80167 | 0.80164 | 0.80161 | 0.80158 | 0.80155 | 0.80153 | 0.8015 |
| 112 kg | 0.80147 | 0.80145 | 0.80143 | 0.80141 | 0.80138 | 0.80136 | 0.80135 | 0.80133 | 0.80131 | 0.8013 |
| 113 kg | 0.80128 | 0.80127 | 0.80126 | 0.80124 | 0.80123 | 0.80122 | 0.80122 | 0.80121 | 0.8012 | 0.8012 |
| 114 kg | 0.8012 | 0.80119 | 0.80119 | 0.80119 | 0.80119 | 0.80119 | 0.8012 | 0.8012 | 0.8012 | 0.80121 |
| 115 kg | 0.80122 | 0.80123 | 0.80123 | 0.80124 | 0.80126 | 0.80127 | 0.80128 | 0.8013 | 0.80131 | 0.80133 |
| 116 kg | 0.80135 | 0.80136 | 0.80138 | 0.80141 | 0.80143 | 0.80145 | 0.80147 | 0.8015 | 0.80153 | 0.80155 |
| 117 kg | 0.80158 | 0.80161 | 0.80164 | 0.80167 | 0.80171 | 0.80174 | 0.80177 | 0.80181 | 0.80185 | 0.80188 |
| 118 kg | 0.80192 | 0.80196 | 0.802 | 0.80205 | 0.80209 | 0.80213 | 0.80218 | 0.80223 | 0.80227 | 0.80232 |
| 119 kg | 0.80237 | 0.80242 | 0.80247 | 0.80253 | 0.80258 | 0.80264 | 0.80269 | 0.80275 | 0.80281 | 0.80287 |
| 120 kg | 0.80293 | 0.80299 | 0.80305 | 0.80312 | 0.80318 | 0.80325 | 0.80331 | 0.80338 | 0.80345 | 0.80352 |
| 121 kg | 0.80359 | 0.80366 | 0.80374 | 0.80381 | 0.80389 | 0.80396 | 0.80404 | 0.80412 | 0.8042 | 0.80428 |
| 122 kg | 0.80436 | 0.80444 | 0.80453 | 0.80461 | 0.8047 | 0.80479 | 0.80488 | 0.80496 | 0.80506 | 0.80515 |
| 123 kg | 0.80524 | 0.80533 | 0.80543 | 0.80552 | 0.80562 | 0.80572 | 0.80582 | 0.80592 | 0.80602 | 0.80612 |
| 124 kg | 0.80623 | 0.80633 | 0.80644 | 0.80654 | 0.80665 | 0.80676 | 0.80687 | 0.80698 | 0.8071 | 0.80721 |
| 125 kg | 0.80732 | 0.80744 | 0.80756 | 0.80767 | 0.80779 | 0.80791 | 0.80804 | 0.80816 | 0.80828 | 0.80841 |
| 126 kg | 0.80853 | 0.80866 | 0.80879 | 0.80892 | 0.80905 | 0.80918 | 0.80931 | 0.80944 | 0.80958 | 0.80971 |
| 127 kg | 0.80985 | 0.80999 | 0.81013 | 0.81027 | 0.81041 | 0.81055 | 0.8107 | 0.81084 | 0.81099 | 0.81113 |
| 128 kg | 0.81128 | 0.81143 | 0.81158 | 0.81173 | 0.81189 | 0.81204 | 0.81219 | 0.81235 | 0.81251 | 0.81267 |
| 129 kg | 0.81283 | 0.81299 | 0.81315 | 0.81331 | 0.81348 | 0.81364 | 0.81381 | 0.81398 | 0.81415 | 0.81432 |
| 130 kg | 0.81449 | 0.81466 | 0.81483 | 0.81501 | 0.81518 | 0.81536 | 0.81554 | 0.81572 | 0.8159 | 0.81608 |
| 131 kg | 0.81626 | 0.81645 | 0.81663 | 0.81682 | 0.81701 | 0.8172 | 0.81739 | 0.81758 | 0.81777 | 0.81797 |
| 132 kg | 0.81816 | 0.81836 | 0.81855 | 0.81875 | 0.81895 | 0.81915 | 0.81936 | 0.81956 | 0.81976 | 0.81997 |
| 133 kg | 0.82018 | 0.82039 | 0.8206 | 0.82081 | 0.82102 | 0.82123 | 0.82145 | 0.82166 | 0.82188 | 0.8221 |
| 134 kg | 0.82232 | 0.82254 | 0.82276 | 0.82298 | 0.82321 | 0.82343 | 0.82366 | 0.82389 | 0.82412 | 0.82435 |
| 135 kg | 0.82458 | 0.82481 | 0.82505 | 0.82528 | 0.82552 | 0.82576 | 0.826 | 0.82624 | 0.82648 | 0.82673 |
| 136 kg | 0.82697 | 0.82722 | 0.82746 | 0.82771 | 0.82796 | 0.82822 | 0.82847 | 0.82872 | 0.82898 | 0.82923 |
| 137 kg | 0.82949 | 0.82975 | 0.83001 | 0.83027 | 0.83054 | 0.8308 | 0.83107 | 0.83133 | 0.8316 | 0.83187 |
| 138 kg | 0.83214 | 0.83242 | 0.83269 | 0.83297 | 0.83324 | 0.83352 | 0.8338 | 0.83408 | 0.83436 | 0.83465 |
| 139 kg | 0.83493 | 0.83522 | 0.83551 | 0.8358 | 0.83609 | 0.83638 | 0.83667 | 0.83697 | 0.83726 | 0.83756 |
| 140 kg | 0.83786 | 0.83816 | 0.83846 | 0.83876 | 0.83907 | 0.83938 | 0.83968 | 0.83999 | 0.8403 | 0.84061 |
| 141 kg | 0.84093 | 0.84124 | 0.84156 | 0.84188 | 0.8422 | 0.84252 | 0.84284 | 0.84316 | 0.84349 | 0.84381 |
| 142 kg | 0.84414 | 0.84447 | 0.8448 | 0.84513 | 0.84547 | 0.8458 | 0.84614 | 0.84648 | 0.84682 | 0.84716 |
| 143 kg | 0.8475 | 0.84785 | 0.84819 | 0.84854 | 0.84889 | 0.84924 | 0.84959 | 0.84995 | 0.8503 | 0.85066 |
| 144 kg | 0.85102 | 0.85138 | 0.85174 | 0.8521 | 0.85247 | 0.85284 | 0.8532 | 0.85357 | 0.85394 | 0.85432 |
| 145 kg | 0.85469 | 0.85507 | 0.85545 | 0.85583 | 0.85621 | 0.85659 | 0.85697 | 0.85736 | 0.85775 | 0.85814 |
| 146 kg | 0.85853 | 0.85892 | 0.85931 | 0.85971 | 0.86011 | 0.86051 | 0.86091 | 0.86131 | 0.86171 | 0.86212 |
| 147 kg | 0.86253 | 0.86294 | 0.86335 | 0.86376 | 0.86418 | 0.86459 | 0.86501 | 0.86543 | 0.86585 | 0.86628 |
| 148 kg | 0.8667 | 0.86713 | 0.86756 | 0.86799 | 0.86842 | 0.86885 | 0.86929 | 0.86973 | 0.87017 | 0.87061 |
| 149 kg | 0.87105 | 0.8715 | 0.87194 | 0.87239 | 0.87284 | 0.8733 | 0.87375 | 0.87421 | 0.87466 | 0.87512 |
XV.C. Age Factor Table (Juniors)
| Age (Years) | Junior Age Coefficient |
| 13 and Under | 0.830 |
| 14 | 0.850 |
| 15 | 0.868 |
| 16 | 0.900 |
| 17 | 0.925 |
| 18 | 0.948 |
| 19 | 0.965 |
XV.D. Age Factor Table (Senior A and Senior B)
| Age (Years) | Senior A Coefficient | Age (Years) | Senior B Coefficient |
| 20 | 1.000 | 30 | 1.000 |
| 21 | 1.000 | 31 | 1.000 |
| 22 | 1.000 | 32 | 1.000 |
| 23 | 1.000 | 33 | 1.000 |
| 24 | 1.000 | 34 | 1.000 |
| 25 | 1.000 | 35 | 1.000 |
| 26 | 1.000 | 36 | 1.000 |
| 27 | 1.000 | 37 | 1.000 |
| 28 | 1.000 | 38 | 1.000 |
| 29 | 1.000 | 39 | 1.000 |
XV.E. Age Factor Table (Masters)
| Age (Years) | Master Age Coefficient | Age (Years) | Master Age Coefficient | Age (Years) | Master Age Coefficient | Age (Years) | Master Age Coefficient |
| 40 | 1.000 | 55 | 1.120 | 70 | 1.411 | 85 | 1.965 |
| 41 | 1.003 | 56 | 1.134 | 71 | 1.439 | 86 | 2.013 |
| 42 | 1.008 | 57 | 1.147 | 72 | 1.468 | 87 | 2.064 |
| 43 | 1.014 | 58 | 1.162 | 73 | 1.498 | 88 | 2.115 |
| 44 | 1.020 | 59 | 1.178 | 74 | 1.529 | 89 | 2.169 |
| 45 | 1.026 | 60 | 1.194 | 75 | 1.562 | 90 | 2.224 |
| 46 | 1.033 | 61 | 1.211 | 76 | 1.596 | 91 | 2.281 |
| 47 | 1.040 | 62 | 1.230 | 77 | 1.631 | 92 | 2.340 |
| 48 | 1.048 | 63 | 1.249 | 78 | 1.668 | 93 | 2.400 |
| 49 | 1.057 | 64 | 1.269 | 79 | 1.706 | 94 | 2.462 |
| 50 | 1.066 | 65 | 1.290 | 80 | 1.745 | 95 | 2.526 |
| 51 | 1.075 | 66 | 1.312 | 81 | 1.786 | 96 | 2.592 |
| 52 | 1.086 | 67 | 1.335 | 82 | 1.829 | 97 | 2.660 |
| 53 | 1.096 | 68 | 1.360 | 83 | 1.873 | 98 | 2.730 |
| 54 | 1.108 | 69 | 1.385 | 84 | 1.918 | 99 | 2.801 |
XV.F. Record Breakers Score Sheet (RAW Division), PDF Download
Use this RAW division sheet for attempts. This form is an editable PDF. You can print and complete manually or download the editable PDF.
XV.G. Record Breakers Score Sheet (EQUIPPED Division), PDF Download
Use this EQUIPPED division sheet for attempts. This form is an editable PDF. You can print and complete manually or download the editable PDF.
XV.H. Weigh-In (Form), PDF Download
Use this PDF form to record all the lifters body weights for a sanctioned competition. You can print and complete manually or download the editable PDF from the website ‘Download’ section.
XV.I. Improvement Opportunity Report (IOR), PDF Download
Use this official form for two purposes:
1) To formally document all infractions, ethical violations, or official errors for disciplinary review, AND
2) To submit suggestions and ideas for organizational improvement.
XV.J. OTSO Rule Book, PDF Download
© 2025 Old Time Strongman Organization Inc. All rights reserved. This document and its contents are for the exclusive use of OTSO members and are not to be reproduced or distributed without the express written consent of the OTSO leadership.